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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Plasma Amino Acids in Horses Suffering from Pituitary Pars I...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2022; 12(23); 3315; doi: 10.3390/ani12233315

Plasma Amino Acids in Horses Suffering from Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction.

Abstract: Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction is one of the most common diseases of aged horses and ponies. In Parkinson's disease, which is, similar to PPID, a disease that involves oxidative damage to dopaminergic pathways but with different clinical signs, alterations to the serum amino acid profile have been reported. To examine changes in the plasma amino acid profile in horses with PPID, EDTA plasma of horses that were presented for various reasons that required laboratory examinations of blood anticoagulated with EDTA was collected. With this plasma, the basal ACTH concentration as well as the amino acid profile was determined. Horses were considered PPID patients if the ACTH concentration was ≥ 100 pg/mL, i.e., they would be considered affected at any time. Horses were defined as non-PPID (nPPID) patients if the ACTH concentration was below 30 pg/mL. Horses receiving pergolide with ACTH ≤ 30 pg/mL were allocated to the group PPIDrr (PPID, ACTH in reference range) and horses receiving pergolide with ACTH ≥ 100 pg/mL to the group PPIDarr (PPID, ACTH above reference range). In total, 93 horses were examined, including 88 horses at the clinic and 5 horses at a private practice. Of these, 53 horses fulfilled the inclusion criteria (ACTH ≤ 30 pg/mL or ACTH ≥ 100 pg/mL). A total of 25 horses were diagnosed as nPPID, 20 as PPID, 5 as PPIDrr, and 3 as PPIDarr. Arginine was significantly higher in PPIDrr than in PPID and nPPID, asparagine was significantly higher in PPID, PPIDrr, and PPIDarr than in nPPID, citrulline was significantly higher in PPIDrr than in nPPID and PPID, cysteine was significantly lower in PPIDrr than in PPID, nPPID, and PPIDarr, and glutamine was significantly higher in PPID and PPIDarr than in nPPID. Especially, asparagine, citrulline, and glutamine may be potential diagnostic markers and may offer interesting approaches for research regarding amino supplementation in PPID.
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Publication Date: 2022-11-27 PubMed ID: 36496836PubMed Central: PMC9737035DOI: 10.3390/ani12233315Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines the changes in plasma amino acid profiles of horses suffering from Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID), a common disease amongst aged horses. It indicates that amino acids like asparagine, citrulline, and glutamine could potentially serve as diagnostic markers for the disease.

Overview and Objective of the Study

  • The goal of this study was to identify any alterations in the plasma amino acid profiles of horses impacted by Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction, a major disease plaguing the equine old-age population.
  • The researchers hypothesized that certain amino acids could be indicative of the presence of PPID in horses, providing crucial insights for diagnosis and dietary supplementation.

Methodology

  • Plasma samples were collected from horses that required blood tests for various reasons.
  • The blood was anticoagulated with EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) and used to measure the basal ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone) concentration and the amino acid profile.
  • Horses with an ACTH concentration of 100 pg/mL or above were considered as PPID patients while horses with an ACTH concentration below 30 pg/mL were deemed non-PPID patients.
  • Horses under the medication pergolide were further grouped into two – PPIDrr (ACTH within reference range) and PPIDarr (ACTH above reference range).
  • A total of 93 horses were examined, out of which 53 fulfilled the inclusion criteria for ACTH concentration, representing different disease and treatment statuses.

Results and Findings

  • Arginine was found to be significantly higher in medicated horses with PPID within the reference range of ACTH levels.
  • Asparagine was significantly higher in all PPID groups than the non-PPID group.
  • Citrulline was significantly higher in medicated horses with PPID within the normal ACTH range compared to the non-PPID and PPID groups.
  • Cysteine was significantly lower in the medicated horses with PPID with normal ACTH levels compared to all other groups.
  • Glutamine was significantly higher in the PPID and high ACTH PPID medicated group than in non-PPID.

Implications of the Study

  • The changes in levels of specific amino acids in horses with PPID indicate that these could serve as potential diagnostic markers for the disease.
  • Particularly, asparagine, citrulline, and glutamine may not only aid in diagnosis but also open up avenues for further research regarding amino supplementation as a potential therapeutic approach for PPID.

Cite This Article

APA
Stoeckle SD, Timmermann D, Merle R, Gehlen H. (2022). Plasma Amino Acids in Horses Suffering from Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction. Animals (Basel), 12(23), 3315. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233315

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 23
PII: 3315

Researcher Affiliations

Stoeckle, Sabita Diana
  • Equine Clinic: Surgery and Radiology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Timmermann, Detlef
  • MembraPure GmbH, 16761 Hennigsdorf, Germany.
Merle, Roswitha
  • Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Gehlen, Heidrun
  • Equine Clinic: Surgery and Radiology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Stoeckle SD, Timmermann D, Merle R, Gehlen H. Plasma Amino Acid Concentration in Obese Horses with/without Insulin Dysregulation and Laminitis.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 18;12(24).
    doi: 10.3390/ani12243580pubmed: 36552500google scholar: lookup
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