Plasma and urine electrolyte and mineral concentrations in Thoroughbred horses with recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis after consumption of diets varying in cation-anion balance.
Abstract: To determine whether plasma, urine, and fecal electrolyte and mineral concentrations differ between clinically normal horses and Thoroughbreds with recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis (RER) after consumption of diets varying in cation-anion balance. Methods: 5 Thoroughbred mares with RER and 6 clinically normal mixed-breed mares. Methods: Each of 3 isocaloric diets designated as low, medium, and high on the basis of dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) values of 85, 190, and 380, respectively, were fed to horses for 14 days. During the last 72 hours, 3 horses with RER and 3 control horses had daily urine and fecal samples obtained by total 24-hour collection. Remaining horses had urine samples collected daily by single catheterization. Results: For each diet, no differences existed between horses with RER and control horses in plasma pH, electrolyte concentrations, and creatine kinase activity or in urine pH and renal fractional excretion (FE) values. Plasma pH, strong ion difference, bicarbonate and total carbon dioxide concentrations, and base excess decreased and plasma chloride and ionized calcium concentrations increased with decreasing DCAB. Urine pH decreased with decreasing DCAB. The FE of chloride and phosphorus were greatest for horses fed the low diet. The FE values for all electrolytes exept magnesium did not differ between urine samples obtained by single catheterization and total 24-hour collection. Daily balance of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, chloride, and potassium did not differ significantly among horses fed the various diets. Conclusions: In clinically normal horses and in horses with RER, the DCAB strongly affects plasma and urine pH and the FE of sodium, potassium, chloride, and phosphorus.
Publication Date: 2002-07-18 PubMed ID: 12118668DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2002.63.1053Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article examines whether there is a difference in plasma, urine, and fecal electrolyte and mineral concentrations in Thoroughbred horses with recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis (RER) and in healthy horses, after having diets with different cation-anion balances.
Research Methods
- This study involved 5 Thoroughbred mares diagnosed with Recurrent Exertional Rhabdomyolysis (RER) and 6 healthy, mixed-breed mares.
- Three different isocaloric diets with varying dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) values were prepared for the horses. These were categorised as low (DCAB value of 85), medium (DCAB value of 190), and high (DCAB value of 380).
- The horses were fed these diets individually for a period of 14 days.
- In the last 72 hours of this period, daily urine and fecal samples were collected from 3 horses with RER and 3 healthy horses, allowing analysis for 24-hours.
- For the remaining horses, urine samples were collected daily using a single catheterisation method.
Results
- The study found no significant differences between healthy horses and those with RER in terms of plasma pH, electrolyte concentrations, creatine kinase activity, urine pH and renal fractional excretion (FE) values for each diet.
- When the dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) decreases, plasma pH, strong ion difference, bicarbonate and total carbon dioxide concentrations, and base excess are found to decrease. In contrast, plasma chloride and ionized calcium concentrations increased.
- The study also observed that urine pH decreased as DCAB reduced.
- The renal fractional excretion (FE) of chloride and phosphorus was greatest in the case of horses fed the low DCAB diet. The FE values for all electrolytes, with the exception of magnesium, were found to be consistent irrespective of the method of urine sample collection.
- The daily balance of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, chloride, and potassium didn’t show any significant differences among horses fed with different diets.
Conclusion
- As per the findings of the research, the dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) appears to have a considerable impact on plasma and urine pH as well as the fractional excretion of sodium, potassium, chloride, and phosphorus in both healthy horses and those with RER.
Cite This Article
APA
McKenzie EC, Valberg SJ, Godden SM, Pagan JD, Carlson GP, MacLeay JM, DeLaCorte FD.
(2002).
Plasma and urine electrolyte and mineral concentrations in Thoroughbred horses with recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis after consumption of diets varying in cation-anion balance.
Am J Vet Res, 63(7), 1053-1060.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.2002.63.1053 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical and Population Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul 55108, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animal Feed
- Animals
- Anions / blood
- Anions / urine
- Blood Chemical Analysis / veterinary
- Cations / blood
- Cations / urine
- Diet
- Electrolytes / blood
- Electrolytes / urine
- Feces / chemistry
- Female
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / urine
- Horses
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Rhabdomyolysis / blood
- Rhabdomyolysis / urine
- Rhabdomyolysis / veterinary
- Urinalysis / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Buckley P, Buckley DJ, Freire R, Hughes KJ. Pre-race and race management impacts serum muscle enzyme activity in Australian endurance horses. Equine Vet J 2022 Sep;54(5):895-904.
- Constable P, Trefz FM, Stämpfli H. Effects of pH and the plasma or serum concentrations of total calcium, chloride, magnesium, l-lactate, and albumin on the plasma ionized calcium concentration in calves. J Vet Intern Med 2019 Jul;33(4):1822-1832.
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