Plasma concentrations of myeloperoxidase in endurance and 3-day event horses after a competition.
Abstract: In man, exercise of any type has been shown to induce neutrophil degranulation and respiratory burst activity, as well as an increase in plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO), a specific enzyme of neutrophil azurophilic granules with a strong oxidative activity. Until now, it is not known whether this is the same in horses. Objective: To study whether degranulation of blood neutrophils may be induced by exercise by measuring the total concentration of MPO and assess the possible influence of type of competition on this exercise-induced adjustment. Methods: Blood was sampled before, and 30 min after, the course, in 9 ponies performing the Phase D of a national 3-day event championship (CIC*), and in 7 endurance horses participating at the European endurance championship 2005. White blood cells and granulocytes, total plasma proteins, creatine phosphokinase (CK), and total MPO contents were determined from blood samples. In addition, blood was taken from all ponies and 4 of the endurance horses 5 min after completion of the course to give some idea of the intensity of exercise. Results: The mean blood lactate was 15.8 +/- 5.8 mmol/l after the CIC* and 2.7 +/- 0.2 mmol/l after the 160 km course. Performing both competitions induced a significant increase in CK and MPO. After the endurance course, the number of granulocytes significantly increased. Whilst there was no significant correlation between the measurements in CIC* ponies, MPO was significantly correlated with granulocyte count (r2 = 0.776) and CK (r2 = 0.586) in endurance horses. Conclusions: Intense exercise induces an activation of blood granulocytes, with degranulation of neutrophils and release of MPO. The plasmatic MPO concentration after endurance was higher than the values reported in some inflammatory pathological conditions. Conclusions: This phenomenon may partly contribute to the occurrence of an exercise-induced oxidative stress and to the alteration of muscular membrane permeability. Further studies should be conducted to assess the possible relationship between MPO concentration and markers of oxidative stress in performance horses.
Publication Date: 2007-04-04 PubMed ID: 17402436DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05557.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research investigates whether intensive exercise in horses causes a response in blood granulocytes, specifically the release of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a specific enzyme of neutrophil azurophilic granules. The investigation was carried out on nine ponies participating in a three-day national event championship and seven horses in the European endurance championship 2005.
Objective
- The objective of this research was to ascertain if exercise in horses results in degranulation of blood neutrophils (a type of white blood cell), through measuring concentrations of MPO, an enzyme closely associated with this degranulation.
Methods
- Blood was collected from nine ponies and seven endurance horses before and after their respective competitions. Additional samples were taken from all ponies and four of the endurance horses five minutes after completion of the course.
- The collected blood was analyzed for levels of white blood cells and granulocytes, total plasma proteins, and the specific enzymes creatine phosphokinase (CK) and MPO.
Results
- The study found that both types of competition triggered a significant increase in CK and MPO levels. After the endurance competition, there was a significant increase in the number of granulocytes in the competitors’ blood.
- While no significant correlations were found between the measurements in the ponies participating in the three-day event, there was a strong correlation between MPO, granulocyte count, and CK in the endurance horses.
Conclusion
- The researchers concluded that intense exercise does indeed result in the activation and degranulation of blood granulocytes, leading to the release of MPO. This was observed with higher MPO concentration after endurance racing compared to the values reported in some inflammatory pathological conditions.
- They suggest that this exercise-induced response may contribute to oxidative stress and alteration of muscle membrane permeability, which are known effects of intensive exercise.
- The authors recommend further research to explore the relationship between MPO concentration and markers of oxidative stress in performance horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Art T, Franck T, Gangl M, Votion D, Kohnen S, Deby-Dupont G, Serteyn D.
(2007).
Plasma concentrations of myeloperoxidase in endurance and 3-day event horses after a competition.
Equine Vet J Suppl(36), 298-302.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05557.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Sports Medicine Centre, University of Liege, Bat B42, Sart-Tilman, B4000 Liege, Belgium.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomarkers / blood
- Blood Proteins / analysis
- Creatine Kinase / blood
- Horses / blood
- Horses / physiology
- Leukocyte Count / veterinary
- Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
- Neutrophils / enzymology
- Oxidative Stress
- Peroxidase / blood
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
- Physical Endurance / physiology
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Giers J, Bartel A, Kirsch K, Müller SF, Horstmann S, Gehlen H. Blood-Based Markers for Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Function in Eventing Horses before and after Cross-Country Rides and How They Are Influenced by Plasma Volume Shift. Animals (Basel) 2023 Oct 5;13(19).
- Parrilla Hernández S, Franck T, Munaut C, Feyereisen É, Piret J, Farnir F, Reigner F, Barrière P, Deleuze S. Characterization of Myeloperoxidase in the Healthy Equine Endometrium. Animals (Basel) 2023 Jan 21;13(3).
- Nieman DC, Groen AJ, Pugachev A, Simonson AJ, Polley K, James K, El-Khodor BF, Varadharaj S, Hernández-Armenta C. Proteomics-Based Detection of Immune Dysfunction in an Elite Adventure Athlete Trekking Across the Antarctica. Proteomes 2020 Mar 3;8(1).
- Nieman DC, Groen AJ, Pugachev A, Vacca G. Detection of Functional Overreaching in Endurance Athletes Using Proteomics. Proteomes 2018 Sep 1;6(3).
- Capomaccio S, Vitulo N, Verini-Supplizi A, Barcaccia G, Albiero A, D'Angelo M, Campagna D, Valle G, Felicetti M, Silvestrelli M, Cappelli K. RNA sequencing of the exercise transcriptome in equine athletes. PLoS One 2013;8(12):e83504.
- Naylor RJ, Livesey L, Schumacher J, Henke N, Massey C, Brock KV, Fernandez-Fuente M, Piercy RJ. Allele copy number and underlying pathology are associated with subclinical severity in equine type 1 polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM1). PLoS One 2012;7(7):e42317.
- Verwilghen DR, Martens A, Busschers E, Franck T, Deberg M, Henrotin Y, Vanderheyden L, Serteyn D. Coll2-1, Coll2-1NO2 and myeloperoxidase concentrations in the synovial fluid of equine tarsocrural joints affected with osteochondrosis. Vet Res Commun 2011 Oct;35(7):401-8.
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