The research article discusses the causes and implications of polyuria (excessive urination) and polydipsia (excessive thirst) in horses, explaining that these symptoms could be linked to various diseases such as chronic kidney disease, pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, or psychogenic polydipsia with secondary polyuria.

Understanding Polyuria and Polydipsia in Horses

• The research primarily focuses on polyuria and polydipsia in horses which are conditions concerning excessive urination and excessive thirst respectively. Despite their rarity, these symptoms hold significance as manifestations of several diseases horse could suffer from.
• When a horse goes through polyuria or polydipsia, it is often caused by a wide array of factors. According to the study, these can be endocrine, iatrogenic, psychogenic, infectious, or toxic in nature. They can also be due to primary renal disease or diseases related to other organs like the liver.

Common Conditions Leading to Polyuria and Polydipsia

• The paper asserts that the most common diseases that result in polyuria and polydipsia include chronic kidney disease, pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, and psychogenic polydipsia with secondary polyuria.
• Chronic kidney disease typically refers to a long-term condition where the horse’s kidneys don’t function as they should. Similarly, pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction is a dysfunction of the pituitary gland which is often associated with equine Cushing’s disease.
• Lastly, psychogenic polydipsia refers to an increase in thirst and fluid intake stimulated by psychiatric reasons, leading to secondary polyuria as a consequence of the excessive fluid intake.

Testing and Prognosis

• Determining the presence of these conditions typically involves further testing. The type of tests conducted depend on the horse’s history, other clinical signs, and the results of blood work or urinalysis.
• The prognosis of the conditions, i.e., the expected progression or outcome, varies significantly based on the underlying cause. Some conditions might have more severe outcomes compared to others.