Potent Neutralizing Activity of Polyclonal Equine Antibodies Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants of Concern.
Abstract: Several anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have received emergency authorization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment. However, most of these mAbs are not active against the highly mutated Omicron SARS-CoV-2 subvariants. We have tested a polyclonal approach of equine anti-SARS-CoV-2 F(ab')2 antibodies that achieved a high level of neutralizing potency against all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern tested including Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12 and BA.4/5. A repertoire of antibodies targeting conserved epitopes in different regions of the spike protein could plausibly account for this remarkable breadth of neutralization. These results warrant the clinical investigation of equine polyclonal F(ab')2 antibodies as a novel therapeutic strategy against COVID-19.
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.
Publication Date: 2022-08-04 PubMed ID: 35921532PubMed Central: PMC9384681DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac331Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research investigates the potential of horse-derived antibodies in fighting various strains of the COVID-19 virus, including the highly-mutated Omicron variant, demonstrating a high level of potency in neutralizing the virus.
Study Overview
- The study presents research on special types of antibodies, known as polyclonal antibodies, derived from horses that have been used to target the SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for causing COVID-19.
- The focus of the research is on understanding the effectiveness of these horse antibodies against different variants of COVID-19, particularly the much-mutated Omicron variant and its subvariants.
Findings
- The study found that the polyclonal antibodies were highly effective in neutralizing all the COVID-19 virus variants that were tested. This includes the subvariants of the Omicron strain, labeled as BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12, and BA.4/5.
- Potency of these antibodies is speculated as being driven by the antibodies targeting conserved epitopes, which are specific parts of antigen molecules that antibodies recognize and bind to, situated in different regions of the spike protein of the virus.
Implications and Recommendations
- These findings highlight the potential of using horse-derived polyclonal antibodies in the treatment of COVID-19. This is particularly important when considering variants of the virus that have proved resistant to current monoclonal antibody treatments under emergency use authorization.
- The research strongly suggests that further clinical investigations should be carried out to explore the use of these equine antibodies as a new treatment strategy against COVID-19.
Cite This Article
APA
Luczkowiak J, Radreau P, Nguyen L, Labiod N, Lasala F, Veas F, Herbreteau CH, Delgado R.
(2022).
Potent Neutralizing Activity of Polyclonal Equine Antibodies Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants of Concern.
J Infect Dis, 227(1), 35-39.
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac331 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
- Fab'entech, Lyon, France.
- Fab'entech, Lyon, France.
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
- UMR5151, Health Branch Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.
- Faculté de Pharmacie, CISBR, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Fab'entech, Lyon, France.
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC-Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses
- Humans
- SARS-CoV-2 / genetics
- COVID-19
- Antibodies, Monoclonal
- Antibodies, Viral
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / genetics
- Antibodies, Neutralizing
Conflict of Interest Statement
Potential conflicts of interest. P. R., L. N., and C. H. H.) are employees of Fab’entech, the producer of the equine antibodies. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.
References
This article includes 15 references
- Cele S, Jackson L, Khoury DS, Khan K, Moyo-Gwete T, Tegally H, San JE, Cromer D, Scheepers C, Amoako DG, Karim F, Bernstein M, Lustig G, Archary D, Smith M, Ganga Y, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Hwa SH, Giandhari J, Blackburn JM, Gosnell BI, Abdool Karim SS, Hanekom W, von Gottberg A, Bhiman JN, Lessells RJ, Moosa MS, Davenport MP, de Oliveira T, Moore PL, Sigal A. Omicron extensively but incompletely escapes Pfizer BNT162b2 neutralization.. Nature 2022 Feb;602(7898):654-656.
- Yu J, Collier AY, Rowe M, Mardas F, Ventura JD, Wan H, Miller J, Powers O, Chung B, Siamatu M, Hachmann NP, Surve N, Nampanya F, Chandrashekar A, Barouch DH. Neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 Variants.. N Engl J Med 2022 Apr 21;386(16):1579-1580.
- Dixit R, Herz J, Dalton R, Booy R. Benefits of using heterologous polyclonal antibodies and potential applications to new and undertreated infectious pathogens.. Vaccine 2016 Feb 24;34(9):1152-61.
- Reveneau E, Cottin P, Rasuli A. Two decades of pharmacovigilance and clinical experience with highly purified rabies immunoglobulin F(ab')(2) fragments.. Expert Rev Vaccines 2017 Mar;16(3):273-287.
- Bal C, Herbreteau CH, Buchy P, Rith S, Zaid M, Kristanto W, Han V, Reynaud C, Granjard P, Lépine B, Durand C, Tambyah PA. Safety, potential efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of specific polyclonal immunoglobulin F(ab')₂ fragments against avian influenza A (H5N1) in healthy volunteers: a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 study.. Lancet Infect Dis 2015 Mar;15(3):285-92.
- Lopardo G, Belloso WH, Nannini E, Colonna M, Sanguineti S, Zylberman V, Muñoz L, Dobarro M, Lebersztein G, Farina J, Vidiella G, Bertetti A, Crudo F, Alzogaray MF, Barcelona L, Teijeiro R, Lambert S, Scublinsky D, Iacono M, Stanek V, Solari R, Cruz P, Casas MM, Abusamra L, Luciardi HL, Cremona A, Caruso D, de Miguel B, Lloret SP, Millán S, Kilstein Y, Pereiro A, Sued O, Cahn P, Spatz L, Goldbaum F. RBD-specific polyclonal F(ab´)(2) fragments of equine antibodies in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 disease: A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive phase 2/3 clinical trial.. EClinicalMedicine 2021 Apr;34:100843.
- Nguyen L. [Production of highly purified therapeutic immunoglobulins (HPTI): analysis of a purification process].. Biol Aujourdhui 2010;204(1):55-9.
- Pépin-Covatta S, Lutsch C, Grandgeorge M, Scherrmann JM. Immunoreactivity of a new generation of horse F(ab')2 preparations against European viper venoms and the tetanus toxin.. Toxicon 1997 Mar;35(3):411-22.
- Luczkowiak J, Labiod N, Rivas G, Rolo M, Lasala F, Lora-Tamayo J, Mancheno-Losa M, Rial-Crestelo D, Pérez-Rivilla A, Folgueira MD, Delgado R. Neutralizing Response Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants 8 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination in Naive and COVID-19-Convalescent Individuals.. J Infect Dis 2022 Jun 1;225(11):1905-1908.
- Khan K, Karim F, Cele S, Reedoy K, San JE, Lustig G, Tegally H, Rosenberg Y, Bernstein M, Jule Z, Ganga Y, Ngcobo N, Mazibuko M, Mthabela N, Mhlane Z, Mbatha N, Miya Y, Giandhari J, Ramphal Y, Naidoo T, Sivro A, Samsunder N, Kharsany ABM, Amoako D, Bhiman JN, Manickchund N, Abdool Karim Q, Magula N, Abdool Karim SS, Gray G, Hanekom W, von Gottberg A, Milo R, Gosnell BI, Lessells RJ, Moore PL, de Oliveira T, Moosa MS, Sigal A. Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons.. Nature 2022 Jul;607(7918):356-359.
- Cele S, Gazy I, Jackson L, Hwa SH, Tegally H, Lustig G, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Wilkinson E, Naidoo Y, Karim F, Ganga Y, Khan K, Bernstein M, Balazs AB, Gosnell BI, Hanekom W, Moosa MS, Lessells RJ, de Oliveira T, Sigal A. Escape of SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 from neutralization by convalescent plasma.. Nature 2021 May;593(7857):142-146.
- Luczkowiak J, Labiod N, Rivas G, Rolo M, Lasala F, Lora-Tamayo J, Mancheno-Losa M, Rial-Crestelo D, Pérez-Rivilla A, Folgueira MD, Delgado R. Neutralizing Response Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants 8 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination in Naive and COVID-19-Convalescent Individuals.. J Infect Dis 2022 Jun 1;225(11):1905-1908.
- Wratil PR, Stern M, Priller A, Willmann A, Almanzar G, Vogel E, Feuerherd M, Cheng CC, Yazici S, Christa C, Jeske S, Lupoli G, Vogt T, Albanese M, Mejías-Pérez E, Bauernfried S, Graf N, Mijocevic H, Vu M, Tinnefeld K, Wettengel J, Hoffmann D, Muenchhoff M, Daechert C, Mairhofer H, Krebs S, Fingerle V, Graf A, Steininger P, Blum H, Hornung V, Liebl B, Überla K, Prelog M, Knolle P, Keppler OT, Protzer U. Three exposures to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 by either infection or vaccination elicit superior neutralizing immunity to all variants of concern.. Nat Med 2022 Mar;28(3):496-503.
- Pinto D, Park YJ, Beltramello M, Walls AC, Tortorici MA, Bianchi S, Jaconi S, Culap K, Zatta F, De Marco A, Peter A, Guarino B, Spreafico R, Cameroni E, Case JB, Chen RE, Havenar-Daughton C, Snell G, Telenti A, Virgin HW, Lanzavecchia A, Diamond MS, Fink K, Veesler D, Corti D. Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody.. Nature 2020 Jul;583(7815):290-295.
- Wang Z, Muecksch F, Cho A, Gaebler C, Hoffmann HH, Ramos V, Zong S, Cipolla M, Johnson B, Schmidt F, DaSilva J, Bednarski E, Ben Tanfous T, Raspe R, Yao K, Lee YE, Chen T, Turroja M, Milard KG, Dizon J, Kaczynska A, Gazumyan A, Oliveira TY, Rice CM, Caskey M, Bieniasz PD, Hatziioannou T, Barnes CO, Nussenzweig MC. Analysis of memory B cells identifies conserved neutralizing epitopes on the N-terminal domain of variant SARS-Cov-2 spike proteins.. Immunity 2022 Jun 14;55(6):998-1012.e8.
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Li E, Han Q, Bi J, Wei S, Wang S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Feng N, Wang T, Wu J, Yang S, Zhao Y, Liu B, Yan F, Xia X. Therapeutic equine hyperimmune antibodies with high and broad-spectrum neutralizing activity protect rodents against SARS-CoV-2 infection.. Front Immunol 2023;14:1066730.
- Luczkowiak J, Rivas G, Labiod N, Lasala F, Rolo M, Lora-Tamayo J, Mancheno-Losa M, Rial-Crestelo D, Pérez-Rivilla A, Folgueira MD, Delgado R. Cross neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants after repeated doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.. J Med Virol 2023 Jan;95(1):e28268.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
