FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Heliyon2024; 11(1); e40961; doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40961

Potential use of beet-pulp concentrate supplementation in athletic horse.

Abstract: The aim of this two-phase study was to evaluate the use of beet pulp concentrate (BPC) in athletic horses. On the first trial the effects of supplementation with 820g of BPC for 12 weeks were assessed and a crossover postprandial curves of blood biomarkers were determined in five adult Arabian mares. Differences were found in T-chol, HDL-chol, TPP and MCHC (p < 0.05). Postprandial curves varied among challenges (p < 0.05) for glucose, insulin, and hematocrit. These results confirmed that BPC supplementation led to changes in blood biomarkers, without inducing major metabolic disruption. The aim of the second trial was to evaluate effects of resistance training using a horse walker in eight yearling gaited foals fed with BPC (16 %) for 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected before and at 30, 60 and 90 days of training and results demonstrated the highest level of [NEFA] and [triglycerides] at end of experimental period (p < 0.05) and increased of growth hormone after exercise sections after 60 days (p < 0.05). Also, [MCHC] and [Hb] increased 30 days after beginning of training program (p < 0.05), maintaining until the end of trial period. Association of the training program with highly digestible fiber as BPC possibly led to a greater availability of NEFA and hCG certainly helping the physical conditioning of these young animals.
© 2024 The Authors.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2024-12-10 PubMed ID: 39758378PubMed Central: PMC11699317DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40961Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the potential of supplementing athletic horse diets with beet pulp concentrate (BPC), through two trials. It found that BPC supplementation changes blood biomarkers without causing major metabolic disruption, and when combined with resistance training, it could help in physical conditioning of the young athletic horses.

Study Design and Process

  • The study was designed in two trials to evaluate the effects of beet pulp concentrate (BPC) supplementation on athletic horses.
  • In the first trial, five adult Arabian mares were given 820g of BPC for 12 weeks. The researchers closely evaluated the postprandial curves of blood biomarkers in the mares.
  • In the second trial, the researchers evaluated the effects of resistance training using a horse walker in eight-yearling gaited foals, fed with 16% BPC for 12 weeks. They examined the foals’ blood samples before the training, and at 30, 60 and 90 days into the training.

Key Findings

  • The first trial resulted in differences in total cholesterol (T-chol), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol), total plasma protein (TPP) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The differences were statistically significant, indicating that BPC supplementation led to changes in these biomarkers. However, there was no major metabolic disruption caused.
  • The postprandial curves varied among challenges specifically for glucose, insulin, and hematocrit and these varied responses were statistically significant.
  • In the second trial, at the end of the experimental period, the highest level of non-esterified fatty acids ([NEFA]) and triglycerides were observed, and growth hormone level increased after exercise sections after 60 days. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Hemoglobin (Hb) also increased 30 days after the start of the training program.
  • The combination of the training program with highly digestible fiber such as BPC possibly led to a greater availability of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) which apparently favored the physical conditioning of these young athletic horses.

Conclusions

  • The study’s results confirmed that beet pulp concentrate supplementation could be used in athletic horses’ diets. It leads to beneficial changes in blood biomarkers without inducing major metabolic disruption.
  • Moreover, when combined with resistance training, it can potentially improve the physical conditioning of younger athletic horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Souza LA, Hunka MM, Rezende Júnior SF, Silva CJFLD, Manso HECDCC, Simões J, Coelho CS, Fazio F, Aragona F, Manso Filho HC. (2024). Potential use of beet-pulp concentrate supplementation in athletic horse. Heliyon, 11(1), e40961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40961

Publication

Heliyon
ISSN: 2405-8440
NlmUniqueID: 101672560
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Pages: e40961

Researcher Affiliations

Souza, Luzilene Araujo de
  • Center for Equine Research and Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Animal Production (BIOPA), Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel Medeiros, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Hunka, Monica Miranda
  • Center for Equine Research and Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Animal Production (BIOPA), Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel Medeiros, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Rezende Júnior, Sigismundo Fassbender de
  • Center for Equine Research and Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Animal Production (BIOPA), Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel Medeiros, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Silva, Carolina Jones Ferreira Lima da
  • Center for Equine Research and Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Animal Production (BIOPA), Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel Medeiros, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Manso, Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro
  • Center for Equine Research and Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Animal Production (BIOPA), Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel Medeiros, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Simões, Joana
  • CECAV, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusofona University (ULHT), Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisbon, Portugal.
  • CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal.
Coelho, Clarisse Simões
  • CECAV, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusofona University (ULHT), Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisbon, Portugal.
  • Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal.
Fazio, Francesco
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
Aragona, Francesca
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
Manso Filho, Hélio Cordeiro
  • Center for Equine Research and Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Animal Production (BIOPA), Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel Medeiros, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Francesco Fazio reports a relationship with Heliyon journal that includes: board membership. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

References

This article includes 51 references
  1. Richardson K, Murray JA. Fiber for performance horses: a review.. J. Eq. Vet. Sci. 2016;46:31–39.
  2. Baskerville CL, Chockalingham S, Harris PA, Bailey SR. The effect of insulin on equine lamellar basal epithelial cells mediated by the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor.. PeerJ 2018;6.
    pmc: PMC6275117pubmed: 30519508
  3. Fernandes KA, Kittelmann S, Rogers CW, Gee EK, Bolwell CF, Bermingham EN, Thomas DG. Faecal microbiota of forage-fed horses in New Zealand and the population dynamics of microbial communities following dietary change.. PLoS One 2014;9.
    pmc: PMC4226576pubmed: 25383707
  4. Kristoffersen C, Jensen RB, Avershina E, Austbø D, Tauson AH, Rudi K. Diet-dependent modular dynamic interactions of the equine cecal microbiota.. Microbes Environ. 2016;31:378–386.
    pmc: PMC5158109pubmed: 27773914
  5. Sunvold GD, Hussein HS, Fahey Jr GC, Merchen NR, Reinhart GA. In vitro fermentation of cellulose, beet pulp, citrus pulp, and citrus pectin using fecal inoculum from cats, dogs, horses, humans, and pigs and ruminal fluid from cattle.. J. Anim. Sci. 1995;73:3639–3648.
    pubmed: 8655439
  6. Zhang K, Tu Y, Gao L, Meng M, Bai Y. Replacement of grains with soybean hulls ameliorates SARA-induced impairment of the colonic epithelium barrier function of goats.. BMC Vet. Res. 2018;14:1–8.
    pmc: PMC6276186pubmed: 30509252
  7. Venable EB, Bland SD, McPherson JL, Francis J. Role of the gut microbiota in equine health and disease.. An. Front. 2016;6:43–49.
  8. Colombino E, Raspa F, Perotti M, Bergero D, Vervuert I, Valle E, Capucchio MT. Gut health of horses: effects of high fibre vs high starch diet on histological and morphometrical parameters.. BMC Vet. Res. 2022;18:338.
    pmc: PMC9454146pubmed: 36076239
  9. Jansson A, Lindberg JE. A forage-only diet alters the metabolic response of horses in training.. Animal 2012;6:1939–1946.
    pubmed: 22717208
  10. Richardson K, Murray JAMD. Fiber for performance horses: a review.. J. Eq. Vet. Sci. 2016;46:31–39.
  11. Connyson M, Essén-Gustavsson B, Lindberg JE, Jansson A. Effect of feed deprivation on Standardbred horses fed a forage-only diet and a 50:50 forage-oats diet.. Eq. Vet. J. 2010;42:335–340.
    pubmed: 21059027
  12. Silva FS, Melo SKM, Manso HECCC, Abreu JMG, Manso Filho HC. Heart rate and blood biomarkers in Brazilian gaited horses during a standardised field gaited test.. Comp. Exerc. Phys. 2014;10:105–111.
  13. Plancade S, Clark A, Philippe C, Helbling JC, Moisan MP, Esquerré D, le Moyec L, Robert C, Barrey E, Mach N. Unraveling the effects of the gut microbiota composition and function on horse endurance physiology.. Sci. Rep. 2019;9:9620.
    pmc: PMC6610142pubmed: 31270376
  14. Garber A, Hastie P, Murray J. Factors influencing equine gut microbiota: current knowledge.. J. Eq. Vet. Sci. 2020;88.
    pubmed: 32303307
  15. Raspa F, Vervuert I, Capucchio MT, Colombino E, Bergeto D, Forte C, Greppi M, Cavallarin L, Giribaldi M, Antoniazzi S, Cavallini D, Valvassori E, Valle E. A high-starch vs. High-fibre diet: effects on the gut environment of the diferente intestinal compartments of the horse digestive tract.. BMC Vet. Res. 2022;18:187.
    pmc: PMC9118577pubmed: 35590319
  16. Raspa F, Tarantola M, Muca E, Bergero D, Soglia D, Cavallini D, Vervuert I, Bordin C, De Palo P, Valle E. Does feeding management make a difference to behavioural activities and welfare of horses reared for meat production?. Animals 2022;12:1740.
    pmc: PMC9311627pubmed: 35883287
  17. Silva CJFL, Trindade KLG, Cruz RKS, Manso HECCC, Coelho CS, Ribeiro Filho JD, Nogueira CEW, Aragona F, Fazio F, Manso Filho HC. Effects of the ingestion of ripe mangões on the squamous gastric region in the horse.. Animals 2022;12:3084.
    pmc: PMC9686633pubmed: 36428312
  18. Mach N, Ruet A, Clark A, Bars-Cortina D, Ramayo-Caldas Y, Crisci E, Pennarun S, Dhorne-Pollet S, Foury A, Moisan M, Lansade L. Priming for welfare: gut microbiota is associated with equitation conditions and behavior in horse athletes.. Sci. Rep. 2020;10:8311.
    pmc: PMC7239938pubmed: 32433513
  19. Jensen RB, Austbø D, Knudsen KB, Tauson AH. The effect of dietary carbohydrate composition on apparent total tract digestibility, feed mean retention time, nitrogen and water balance in horses.. Animal 2014;8:1788–1796.
    pubmed: 25018093
  20. Barneveld A, van Weeren PR. Conclusions regarding the influence of exercise on the development of the equine Musculo skeletal system with special reference to osteochondrosis.. Eq. Vet. J. 1999;31(supp):112–119.
    pubmed: 10999670
  21. Mellor DJ. Operational details of the five domains model and its key applications to the assessment and management of animal welfare.. Animals 2017;7:60.
    pmc: PMC5575572pubmed: 28792485
  22. Manso Filho HC, Manso HECCC, Vilela CF, Cruz RKS, Souza RP, Noronha HR, Nogueira CEW. Utilização dos Cinco Domínios Adaptados (5D+) associados aos diferentes sistemas de avaliação do bem-estar animal nos diferentes sistemas de criação de equinos.. Rev. Bras. Med. Eq. 2022;16(março/abril):4–9.
  23. . Nutrient Requirements of Horses. National Research Council – NRC 6.ed. National Academies Press; Washington D.C., USA: 2007; p. 341.
  24. Henneke DR, Potter GD, Kreider JL, Yeates BF. Relationship between condition score, physical measurements and body fat percentage in mares.. Eq. Vet. J. 1983;15:371–372.
    pubmed: 6641685
  25. Coelho CS, Manso HECDCC, Manso Filho HC, Ribeiro Filho JD, Abreu JMG, Escodro PB, Valença SRFDA. Escala para avaliação do bem-estar em équideos atletas.. Rev. Bras. Med. Eq. 2018:4–8.
  26. Dyer J, Al-Rammahi M, Waterfall L, Salmon KSH, Geor RJ, Bouré L, Edwards GB, Proudman CJ, Shirazi-Beechey SP. Adaptive response of equine intestinal Na+/glucose co-transporter (SGLT1) to an increase in dietary soluble carbohydrate.. Eur. J. Physiol. 2009;458:419–430.
    pubmed: 19048283
  27. Lindberg JE, Karlsson CP. Effect of partial replacement of oats with sugar beet pulp and maize oil on nutrient utilisation in horses.. Eq. Vet. J. 2001;33:585–590.
    pubmed: 11720030
  28. Karlsson CP, Jansson A, Essén-Gustavsson B, Lindberg JE. Effect of molassed sugar beet pulp on nutrient utilisation and metabolic parameters during exercise.. Eq. Vet. J. 2002;34(Suppl):44–49.
    pubmed: 12405658
  29. Moore-Colyer MJS, Hyslop JJ, Longland AC, Cí·¯ord D. The Mobile Bag Technique as a Method for Determining the 49 30. vol. 88. 2002. pp. 729–740.
    pubmed: 12493095
  30. Ralston SL. Insulin and glucose regulation.. Vet Clin N Am-Equine 2002;18:295–304.
    pubmed: 15635909
  31. Frank N, Geor RJ, Bailey SR, Durham AE, Johnson PJ. Equine metabolic syndrome.. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2010;24:467–475.
    pubmed: 20384947
  32. Frank N. Equine metabolic syndrome.. Vet Clin N Am-Equine 2011;27:73–92.
    pubmed: 21392655
  33. Brøkner C, Austbø D, Næsset J, Blache D, Bach Knudsen K, Tauson A. Metabolic response to dietary fiber composition in horses.. Animal 2016;10(7):1155–1163.
    pubmed: 26755337
  34. Crandell KG, Pagan JD, Harris P, Duren SE. A comparison of grain, oil and beet pulp as energy sources for the exercised horses.. Eq. Vet. J. 1999;30:485–489.
    pubmed: 10659304
  35. Hallebeek JM, Beynen AC. Influence of dietary beet pulp on the plasma level of triacylglycerols in horses.. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 2003;87:181–187.
    pubmed: 12752823
  36. Olsman AFS, Huurdeman CM, Jansen WL, Haaksma J, van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM, Beynen AC. Macronutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance, plasma indicators of protein metabolism and mineral absorption in horses fed a ration rich in sugar beet pulp.. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 2004;88:321–331.
    pubmed: 15387848
  37. Groff L, Pagan J, Hoekstra K, Gardner S, Rice O, Roose K, Geor R. Effect of preparation method on the glycemic response to ingestion of beet pulp in Thoroughbred horses. Proceedings of Equine Nutrition and Physiology Symposium May 31-Jun 2001; pp. 125–126. Lexington, USA.
  38. Dyer J, Al-Rammahi M, Waterfall L, Salmon KSH, Geor RJ, Bouré L, Edwards GB, Proudman CJ, Shirazi-Beechey SP. Adaptive response of equine intestinal Na+/glucose co-transporter (SGLT-1) to an increase in dietary soluble carbohydrate.. Pflug. Arch. Eur. J. Phys. 2009;458:419–430.
    pubmed: 19048283
  39. Connysson M, Essén-Gustavsson B, Lindberg JE, Jansson A. Effects of feed deprivation on Standard bred horses fed a forage-only diet and a 50:50 forage-oats diet.. Eq. Vet. J. 2010;42:335–340.
    pubmed: 21059027
  40. Frayn KN. Metabolic Regulation: a Human Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell 2010; p. 371. UK.
  41. Newsholme P. Why is L-glutamine metabolism important to cells of the immune system in health, post-injury, surgery or infection?. J. Nutr. 2001;131:2515S–2522S.
    pubmed: 11533304
  42. Fazio F, Assenza A, Tosto F, Casella S, Piccione G, Caola G. Modifications of some acute phase proteins and the white blood cell count in thoroughbreds during training.. Vet. Rec. 2010;167:370–372.
    pubmed: 20817897
  43. Coelho CS, Silva ASBA, Santos CMR, Santos AMR, Vintém CMBL, Leite AG, Fonseca JMC, Prazeres JMCS, Souza VRC, Siqueira RF, Manso Filho HC, Simões JSA. Training effects on the stress predictors for young Lusitano horses used in dressage.. Animals 2022;12:3436.
    pmc: PMC9738668pubmed: 36496958
  44. Borromeo V, Ferrucci F, Zucca E, Berrini A, Secchi C. Growth hormone secretion in relation to plasma lactate and glucose concentrations during a maximal treadmill exercise test in horses.. Vet. Res. Com. 2008;32:111–113.
    pubmed: 18688748
  45. de Graaf-Roelfsema E, Keizer HA, van Breda E, Wijnberg ID, van der Kolk JH. Hormonal responses to acute exercise, training and overtraining a review with emphasis on the horse.. Vet. Quarterly 2007;29:82–101.
    pubmed: 17970286
  46. Gray SM, Bartell PA, Staniar WB. High glycemic and insulinemic responses to meals affect plasma growth hormone secretory characteristics in Quarter Horse weanlings.. Dom. Anim. Endoc. 2013;44:165–175.
    pubmed: 23433709
  47. Redaelli V, Luzi F, Mazzola S, Bariffi GD, Zappaterra M, Nanni Costa L, Padalino B. The use of infrared thermography (irt) as stress indicator in horses trained for endurance: a pilot study.. Animals 2019;9:84.
    pmc: PMC6466296pubmed: 30866503
  48. Ferreira LMC, Melo SKM, Diniz AIA, Vaz SG, Abreu JMG, Manso HECCC, Manso Filho HC. Aerobic exercise produces changes in plasma IL-6 but not IL-1b in four-beat gaited horses.. Comp. Exerc. Phys. 2015;11(3):159–165.
  49. Manso Filho HC, Hunka MM, Souza LA, Manso HECCC. Use of oil-rich diet for gaited horses during physical training.. Acta Vet. Brno. 2019;88:25–31.
  50. Tyler-McGowan CM, Golland LC, Evans DL, Hodson DR, Rose RJ. Haematological and biochemical responses to training and overtraining.. Eq. Vet. J. 1999;30:621–625.
    pubmed: 10659331
  51. Sodre TDRP, Sousa LN, Silva CA, Santos JM, Sampaio MQ, Coni ROS, Dantas RTS, Ferreira APG, Mans Filho HC, Fazio F, Coelho CS. Is there an ideal rest interval between races during vaquejada in which it would be possible to associate best performance and welfare?. J. Eq. Vet. Sci. 2020;91.
    pubmed: 32684271

Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Aragona F, Giannetto C, Piccione G, Arfuso F, Arrigo F, Costa A, De Caro S, Cannuli A, Fazio F. Effect of time of day and physical exercise on inflammatory biomarkers in athletic horses. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1608770.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1608770pubmed: 40534779google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,911 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.