Predictors of foaling outcomes in barren and maiden Thoroughbred mares in South Africa.

The goal of this research was to examine demographic data of Thoroughbred breeding populations in South Africa and analyze certain variables associated with foaling outcomes to predict reproductive performance. Key findings revealed that mare age significantly predicted successful foaling, and that the seasonal foaling rate, a measure of reproductive performance, declined as mare age increased.

Population Demographics and Reproductive Performance of Thoroughbred populations in South Africa

• The South African Thoroughbred population demographics and reproductive performance had not been reviewed in over two decades prior to this study. Thus, this research provides updated and crucial knowledge concerning these aspects.
• Understanding the population demographics provides information about the number, ages, and reproductive statuses of mares and stallions in South Africa. This is important in assessing the overall health and performance of Thoroughbred populations.
• The researchers used data collected as part of the National Horseracing Authority of Southern Africa’s stud health scheme which requires annual screening for venereal pathogens of Thoroughbred stallions, maiden and barren mares before breeding.

The Analysis of Selected Mare-Level Variables with Foaling Outcomes

• The study noticed a higher number of barren mares tested compared to maiden mares. The most common reason identified for a mare being classified as barren was the failure to conceive.
• The analysis showed that a significant proportion of mares tested in 2018 and 2019, specifically, 68.1% and 63.3% respectively, managed to produce foals that were presented for identification.
• Mare age, not its reproductive status, was a powerful predictor for a successful foal birth. This finding is important as it highlights the influence of mare age on reproductive outcomes in Thoroughbred populations.

Conclusion and Implications of the Research

• The research presented new demographic information about South African Thoroughbred populations.
• The measure of reproductive performance, referred as the seasonal foaling rate, ranged from 63.3% to 68.1%. Interestingly, the rate decreased as the mare age increased, suggesting age is a deterrent in successful foaling.
• This research informs breeders and stakeholders about the factors that affect successful breeding and can guide interventions to improve foaling outcomes.