Preliminary studies of pharmacological antigonism of anaphylaxis in the horse.
Abstract: Systemic anaphylaxis was induced in seven groups of ponies. Systemic hypotension, pulmonary hypotension, and apnea were observed in the control group. Suppression of anaphylaxis was achieved most efficiently with sodium meclofenamate followed by acetylsalicylic acid and diethylcarboamazine. Tripelennamine and methysergide reduced anaphylaxis minimally and burimamide not at all. The findings suggest that histamine and serotonin are of relatively low significance in equine anaphylaxis whereas kinins, prostaglandins and slow reacting substance may be more important.
Publication Date: 1976-04-01 PubMed ID: 1033778PubMed Central: PMC1277540
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research explores how different medications influence the occurrence of anaphylaxis in horses. It was found that sodium meclofenamate, acetylsalicylic acid, and diethylcarboamazine were most effective in suppressing anaphylaxis, while histamine and serotonin were not significantly impactful in equine anaphylaxis.
Introduction and Methodology
- This study was conducted to understand the effect of different pharmacological substances on anaphylaxis in horses. Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur rapidly on exposure to an allergen.
- The research included seven groups of ponies, in which systemic anaphylaxis was deliberately triggered.
- Systemic hypotension (abnormally low blood pressure), pulmonary hypotension (low blood pressure in the lungs), and apnea (temporary cessation of breathing) were observed in the control group – the group which did not receive any intervention.
Results
- The study found that anaphylaxis was suppressed most efficiently with sodium meclofenamate, followed by acetylsalicylic acid (commonly known as aspirin) and diethylcarboamazine. These substances were therefore found to be effective in controlling severe allergic reactions in horses.
- On the other hand, medications like tripelennamine and methysergide minimally reduced anaphylaxis, while burimamide did not have any effect at all.
Conclusions
- The findings of the study suggest that histamine and serotonin – substances commonly associated with allergic reactions – are of relatively low significance in equine anaphylaxis. Histamine plays a primary role in human anaphylaxis by causing blood vessels to expand and leading to a drop in blood pressure.
- In contrast, the study suggests that other substances such as kinins, prostaglandins, and slow-reacting substances may play a more important role in equine anaphylaxis. However, the exact mechanisms and impact of these substances need further investigation.
Cite This Article
APA
Eyre P.
(1976).
Preliminary studies of pharmacological antigonism of anaphylaxis in the horse.
Can J Comp Med, 40(2), 149-152.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Anaphylaxis / drug therapy
- Anaphylaxis / physiopathology
- Anaphylaxis / veterinary
- Animals
- Aspirin / therapeutic use
- Blood Pressure
- Bradykinin / therapeutic use
- Diethylcarbamazine / therapeutic use
- Female
- Histamine / therapeutic use
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horses
- Male
- Meclofenamic Acid / therapeutic use
- Methacholine Compounds / therapeutic use
- Methysergide / therapeutic use
- Respiration
- Serotonin / therapeutic use
- Tripelennamine / therapeutic use
References
This article includes 15 references
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- Orange RP, Valentine MD, Austen KF. Inhibition of the release of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis in the rat with diethylcarbamazine.. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1968 Jan;127(1):127-32.
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- Eyre P. Equine pulmonary emphysema: a bronchopulmonary mould allergy.. Vet Rec 1972 Aug 5;91(6):134-40.
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- GADDUM JH, HAMEED KA, HATHWAY DE, STEPHENS FF. Quantitative studies of antagonists for 5-hydroxytryptamine.. Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci 1955 Jan;40(1):49-74.
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- Vane JR. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs.. Nat New Biol 1971 Jun 23;231(25):232-5.
- Burka JF, Eyre P. A study of prostaglandins and prostaglandin antagonists in relation to anaphylaxis in calves.. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1974 Oct;52(5):942-51.
- Eyre P, Wells PW. Histamine H2-receptors modulate systemic anaphylaxis: a dual cardiovascular action of histamine in calves.. Br J Pharmacol 1973 Oct;49(2):364-7.
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Basile RC, Rivera GG, Del Rio LA, de Bonis TC, do Amaral GP, Giangrecco E, Ferraz G, Yoshinari NH, Canola PA, Queiroz Neto A. Anaphylactoid reaction caused by sodium ceftriaxone in two horses experimentally infected by Borrelia burgdorferi.. BMC Vet Res 2015 Aug 12;11:197.
- Ogunbiyi PO, Eyre P. Pharmacological studies of pulmonary anaphylaxis in vitro: a review.. Agents Actions 1985 Dec;17(2):158-74.
- Chand N, Eyre P. Spasmolytic action of histamine in airway smooth muscle of horse.. Agents Actions 1978 Apr;8(3):191-8.
- Chand N, Eyre P, DeRoth L. Pharmacological study of bovine airways. Evidence for excitatory and inhibitory effects of histamine.. Can J Comp Med 1979 Oct;43(4):384-91.
- Chand N, Eyre P. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a review. New applications in hypersensitivity reactions of cattle and horses.. Can J Comp Med 1977 Jul;41(3):233-40.
- Chand N, Deroth L, Eyre P. Pharmacology of Schultz-Dale reaction in canine lung strip in vitro: possible model for allergic asthma.. Br J Pharmacol 1979 Aug;66(4):511-6.
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