Prevalence of antibodies to Brucella spp. in cattle, sheep, goats, horses and camels in the State of Eritrea; influence of husbandry systems.
Abstract: Samples from 2427 cattle, 661 goats, 104 sheep, 98 camels and 82 horses were screened for brucella infections by the Rose Bengal Test and positive reactors confirmed by the complement fixation test. In cattle, the highest individual seroprevalence was in dairy herds kept under the intensive husbandry system, with an individual prevalence of 8.2% and unit (herd) seroprevalence of 35.9%. This was followed by the pastoral husbandry system in the Western Lowlands with 5.0% individual but a higher unit (vaccination site) prevalence of 46.1%. The lowest was in the mixed crop-livestock system in the Southern Highlands with individual 0.3% and unit (village) prevalence of 2.4%. In sheep and goats, no positive animals were detected in the mixed crop-livestock areas. In the Eastern Lowlands individual prevalences of 3.8% (goats) and 1.4% (sheep) and unit prevalence of 33.3% (goats) and 16.7% were found, while 14.3% of individual goats and 56.3% of the units in the Western Lowlands were positive. No positive horses were found. The present study documents the first serological evidence of Brucella spp. infection in camels (3.1%) in Eritrea.
Publication Date: 2000-12-16 PubMed ID: 11117970PubMed Central: PMC2869619DOI: 10.1017/s0950268899004501Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study investigated the occurrence of brucella infections among various livestock species in Eritrea and found that specific husbandry methods held a significant influence over infection prevalence.
Research Background
- This research was designed to determine the prevalence of antibodies to Brucella spp., which causes a bacterial infection, in different types of livestock including cattle, goats, sheep, camels, and horses that were present in Eritrea.
- The researchers used two tests, namely the Rose Bengal Test and the complement fixation test, to identify the presence of brucella infections in the livestock samples.
Examination of Brucella spp. Prevalence in Different Livestock
- In cattle, brucella infection was found to be most prevalent in those kept in intensive dairy herds, with individual prevalence of 8.2% and herd prevalence of 35.9%.
- Cattle under pastoral husbandry in the Western Lowlands had a lower individual prevalence at 5.0% but a higher herd prevalence at 46.1%.
- The lowest incidence of brucella infection was seen in cattle under mixed crop-livestock systems in the Southern Highlands. The individual prevalence here was 0.3%, with a herd prevalence of 2.4%.
Exploring Brucella spp. Incidence in Sheep and Goats
- Sheep and goats in mixed crop-livestock areas showed no evidence of brucella infection.
- In contrast, individual prevalences in the Eastern Lowlands were found to be 3.8% for goats and 1.4% for sheep. The respective herd prevalences were 33.3% for goats and 16.7% for sheep.
- In the Western Lowlands, 14.3% of individual goats and 56.3% of the populations were brucella positive.
Findings on Brucella spp. in Horses and Camels
- No evidence of brucella infection was found in horses.
- This study documents the first serological evidence of Brucella spp. infection in camels in Eritrea with a prevalence of 3.1%.
Impact of Husbandry Systems on Brucella spp. Prevalence
- Close confinement in intensive dairy husbandry systems can lead to higher individual and herd prevalence of brucella infection. Improved monitoring and prevention measures may be required for such systems.
- While the mixed crop-livestock systems showed the lowest rates of infection, these systems should not be overlooked as low individual prevalence can still pose a threat to herd health. Continue monitoring and improving veterinary care practices is key to keep infection rates low.
Cite This Article
APA
Omer MK, Skjerve E, Holstad G, Woldehiwet Z, Macmillan AP.
(2000).
Prevalence of antibodies to Brucella spp. in cattle, sheep, goats, horses and camels in the State of Eritrea; influence of husbandry systems.
Epidemiol Infect, 125(2), 447-453.
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899004501 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- College of Agriculture, University of Asmara, Eritrea.
MeSH Terms
- Animal Husbandry
- Animals
- Brucella / immunology
- Brucella / pathogenicity
- Brucellosis / epidemiology
- Brucellosis / immunology
- Brucellosis / veterinary
- Camelus / microbiology
- Eritrea / epidemiology
- Female
- Goats / microbiology
- Horses / microbiology
- Male
- Prevalence
- Serologic Tests
- Sheep / microbiology
Citations
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