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Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria2009; 18(4); 1-8; doi: 10.4322/rbpv.01804001

Prevalence of equine Piroplasmosis and its association with tick infestation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Abstract: Serum samples were collected from 582 horses from 40 stud farms in the State of São Paulo and tick (Acari: Ixodidae) infestations were evaluated on them. Serum samples were subjected to the complement fixation test (CFT) and a competitive inhibition ELISA (cELISA) for Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Logistic regression analyses were performed to construct multivariate models that could explain the dependent variable (horses positive for B. caballi or T. equi) as a function of the independent variables (presence or abundance of each one of the tick species found on the farms). A higher overall prevalence of B. caballi (54.1%) than of T. equi (21.6%) was found by the two tests. The ticks Dermacentor nitens Neumann, 1897, Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1887) were present on horses on 38 (95%), 20 (50%), and 4 (10%) farms, respectively. Infestations by D. nitens were statistically associated with B. caballi-positive horses on the farms by either the CFT or cELISA. Infestations by A. cajennense were statistically associated with T. equi-positive horses on the farms by either CFT or cELISA.
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Publication Date: 2009-12-31 PubMed ID: 20040201DOI: 10.4322/rbpv.01804001Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article examines the occurrence rate of equine Piroplasmosis, a tick-borne disease in horses, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Using blood samples from 582 horses and assessing for tick infestations, the study found a higher prevalence of one parasite (Babesia caballi) over another (Theileria equi), with specific tick species being associated with each parasite.

Study Methodology

  • The researchers conducted their study using serum samples collected from a total of 582 horses located in 40 different stud farms in the State of São Paulo.
  • These horses were evaluated for tick infestations, observed for the existence of different types of ticks found in the region.
  • The serum samples were subjected to two types of tests – the complement fixation test (CFT) and a competitive inhibition ELISA (cELISA) – for the presence of two parasites that are known to cause Piroplasmosis in horses: Babesia caballi and Theileria equi.

Results and Findings

  • The results demonstrated a higher overall prevalence of B. caballi (54.1%) as compared to T. equi (21.6%) when tested by both CFT and cELISA.
  • Three species of ticks – Dermacentor nitens, Amblyomma cajennense, and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus – were observed on the horses. D. nitens were found on 95% of the farms, A. cajennense on 50%, and R. microplus on 10%.
  • There were significant associations found between infestation by specific species of ticks and the presence of either B. caballi or T. equi in the horses: infestations by Dermacentor nitens were significantly associated with B. caballi-positive horses and infestations by A. cajennense with T. equi-positive horses.

Implications

  • The study suggests that in the state of São Paulo, horses are more likely to be infested with B. caballi over T. equi.
  • It also reveals a clear connection between specific tick species and specific parasites, suggesting certain tick species may be more likely to transmit specific parasites. This insight can add to the understanding of how these diseases spread and can help in implementing more effective prevention and treatment methods.

Cite This Article

APA
Kerber CE, Labruna MB, Ferreira F, De Waal DT, Knowles DP, Gennari SM. (2009). Prevalence of equine Piroplasmosis and its association with tick infestation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet, 18(4), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.4322/rbpv.01804001

Publication

Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria
ISSN: 0103-846X
NlmUniqueID: 9440482
Country: Brazil
Language: English
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Pages: 1-8

Researcher Affiliations

Kerber, Claudia E
  • Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Labruna, Marcelo B
    Ferreira, Fernando
      De Waal, Daniel T
        Knowles, Donald P
          Gennari, Solange M

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Antigens, Protozoan / blood
            • Babesiosis / blood
            • Babesiosis / complications
            • Babesiosis / epidemiology
            • Babesiosis / veterinary
            • Brazil
            • Horse Diseases / blood
            • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
            • Horse Diseases / parasitology
            • Horses
            • Prevalence
            • Theileria / immunology
            • Tick Infestations / blood
            • Tick Infestations / complications
            • Tick Infestations / epidemiology
            • Tick Infestations / veterinary

            Citations

            This article has been cited 13 times.
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