FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Dev Biol Stand / Prevention of rotavirus diarrhoea in foals by parenteral vac...
Developments in biological standardization1998; 92; 253-257;

Prevention of rotavirus diarrhoea in foals by parenteral vaccination of the mares: field trial.

Abstract: Many countries have reported rotavirus diarrhoea in foals. In Argentina it causes important economic losses to the horse industry. In this work we present the results obtained using an experimental vaccine in a farm with enzootic infection of rotavirus. A hundred mares were vaccinated 60 and 30 days before foaling with inactivated rotavirus SA11 (G3P2), H2 (G3P12), Lincoln (G6P1), with aluminum hydroxide as adjuvant; 65 mares were included in the unvaccinated, control group. To evaluate the vaccine, morbidity, duration of the diarrhoea and rotavirus shedding were recorded. Antibody levels were established in serum, colostrum and milk of the vaccinated mares, and also in serum from the foals. In foals from vaccinated mares the morbidity was 30%, clinical signs were observed during 1.8 days, and rotavirus shedding was not detected. In the control group the morbidity reached 80%, the clinical signs lasted 7.3 days and rotavirus shedding was detected in 80% of the diarrhoeic foals. At foaling the serum antibody levels were 15 times higher with a mean neutralizing titre (NT) of 3.5 logs than before vaccination (2.4 logs), in colostrum 5.00 logs, and in milk at 90 days post partum 1.7 logs. In foals from vaccinated mares the level of neutralizing antibodies was 3.8 logs at 48 days of age, going down to 2.2 logs at 90 days of age. Immunization of the pregnant mare would be a good method for preventing diarrhoea in foals.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 1998-05-15 PubMed ID: 9580371
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Clinical Trial
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on the prevention of rotavirus diarrhea in foals by protecting the mares with a vaccine. The study was carried out in Argentina where the disease has had significant financial consequences for the equine industry.

Vaccine Development and Administration

  • As a part of the study, 100 mares were vaccinated using specifically developed vaccines for rotavirus.
  • The vaccines were developed from three types of inactivated rotavirus – SA11 (G3P2), H2 (G3P12), and Lincoln (G6P1), with aluminum hydroxide used as an additive to increase the immune response.
  • The mares were immunized twice, once 60 days and again 30 days before they were due to give birth.

Control Group

  • For comparison, a control group of 65 unvaccinated mares was also included in the study.

Vaccine Evaluation

  • The effectivity of the vaccine was determined by comparing several factors between the vaccinated mares and the control group.
    • Morbidity or the rate of illness, duration of diarrhea, and the presence of rotavirus in feces were the primary factors observed.
    • The level of antibodies (substances produced by the immune system to fight off diseases) in the mares’ serum, colostrum (first milk), and subsequent milk were also measured. Serum from their offspring was also tested.

Results

  • The results showed a significantly lower morbidity rate among the foals born to vaccinated mares compared to the control group.
  • The duration of clinical symptoms and the presence of rotavirus in feces from the vaccinated group were also significantly less.
  • The vaccinated mares showed a markedly increased level of antibodies in their serum, colostrum, and milk. The foals from these mares also had higher antibody levels.

Conclusion

  • The study concludes that vaccination of pregnant mares can be an effective method for preventing rotavirus diarrhea in their offspring.

Cite This Article

APA
Barrandeguy M, Parreño V, Lagos Mármol M, Pont Lezica F, Rivas C, Valle C, Fernandez F. (1998). Prevention of rotavirus diarrhoea in foals by parenteral vaccination of the mares: field trial. Dev Biol Stand, 92, 253-257.

Publication

Developments in biological standardization
ISSN: 0301-5149
NlmUniqueID: 0427140
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 92
Pages: 253-257

Researcher Affiliations

Barrandeguy, M
  • Instituto de Virología CICV-INTA, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Parreño, V
    Lagos Mármol, M
      Pont Lezica, F
        Rivas, C
          Valle, C
            Fernandez, F

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • Diarrhea / prevention & control
              • Diarrhea / veterinary
              • Female
              • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
              • Horses
              • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / prevention & control
              • Pregnancy
              • Rotavirus Infections / prevention & control
              • Rotavirus Infections / veterinary
              • Vaccines, Inactivated / therapeutic use
              • Viral Vaccines / therapeutic use

              Citations

              This article has been cited 19 times.
              1. Carossino M, Balasuriya UBR, Thieulent CJ, Barrandeguy ME, Vissani MA, Parreño V. Quadruplex Real-Time TaqMan(®) RT-qPCR Assay for Differentiation of Equine Group A and B Rotaviruses and Identification of Group A G3 and G14 Genotypes. Viruses 2023 Jul 26;15(8).
                doi: 10.3390/v15081626pubmed: 37631969google scholar: lookup
              2. Nemoto M, Matsumura T. Equine rotavirus infection. J Equine Sci 2021 Mar;32(1):1-9.
                doi: 10.1294/jes.32.1pubmed: 33776534google scholar: lookup
              3. Mallicote M, House AM, Sanchez LC. A review of foal diarrhoea from birth to weaning. Equine Vet Educ 2012 Apr;24(4):206-214.
                doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3292.2011.00358.xpubmed: 32313387google scholar: lookup
              4. Carossino M, Barrandeguy ME, Erol E, Li Y, Balasuriya UBR. Development and evaluation of a one-step multiplex real-time TaqMan(®) RT-qPCR assay for the detection and genotyping of equine G3 and G14 rotaviruses in fecal samples. Virol J 2019 Apr 25;16(1):49.
                doi: 10.1186/s12985-019-1149-1pubmed: 31023319google scholar: lookup
              5. Vega C, Bok M, Saif L, Fernandez F, Parreño V. Egg yolk IgY antibodies: A therapeutic intervention against group A rotavirus in calves. Res Vet Sci 2015 Dec;103:1-10.
                doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.09.005pubmed: 26679788google scholar: lookup
              6. Matthijnssens J, Ons E, De Coster S, Conceição-Neto N, Gryspeerdt A, Van Ranst M, Raue R. Molecular characterization of equine rotaviruses isolated in Europe in 2013: implications for vaccination. Vet Microbiol 2015 Mar 23;176(1-2):179-85.
                doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.01.011pubmed: 25637313google scholar: lookup
              7. Bailey KE, Gilkerson JR, Browning GF. Equine rotaviruses--current understanding and continuing challenges. Vet Microbiol 2013 Nov 29;167(1-2):135-44.
                doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.07.010pubmed: 23932076google scholar: lookup
              8. Nemoto M, Tsunemitsu H, Murase H, Nambo Y, Sato S, Orita Y, Imagawa H, Bannai H, Tsujimura K, Yamanaka T, Matsumura T, Kondo T. Antibody response in vaccinated pregnant mares to recent G3BP[12] and G14P[12] equine rotaviruses. Acta Vet Scand 2012 Nov 6;54(1):63.
                doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-54-63pubmed: 23130609google scholar: lookup
              9. Bergner DW, Kuhlenschmidt TB, Hanafin WP, Firkins LD, Kuhlenschmidt MS. Inhibition of rotavirus infectivity by a neoglycolipid receptor mimetic. Nutrients 2011 Feb;3(2):228-44.
                doi: 10.3390/n〠228pubmed: 22254094google scholar: lookup
              10. Collins PJ, Cullinane A, Martella V, O'Shea H. Molecular characterization of equine rotavirus in Ireland. J Clin Microbiol 2008 Oct;46(10):3346-54.
                doi: 10.1128/JCM.00995-08pubmed: 18716232google scholar: lookup
              11. Dhama K, Chauhan RS, Mahendran M, Malik SV. Rotavirus diarrhea in bovines and other domestic animals. Vet Res Commun 2009 Jan;33(1):1-23.
                doi: 10.1007/s11259-008-9070-xpubmed: 18622713google scholar: lookup
              12. Magdesian KG. Neonatal foal diarrhea. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2005 Aug;21(2):295-312, vi.
                doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2005.04.009pubmed: 16051051google scholar: lookup
              13. Westerman LE, McClure HM, Jiang B, Almond JW, Glass RI. Serum IgG mediates mucosal immunity against rotavirus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005 May 17;102(20):7268-73.
                doi: 10.1073/pnas.0502437102pubmed: 15883382google scholar: lookup
              14. Hardefeldt L, Thomas K, Page S, Norris J, Browning G, El Hage C, Stewart A, Gilkerson J, Muscatello G, Verwilghen D, van Galen G, Bauquier J, Cuming R, Reynolds B, Whittaker C, Wilkes E, Clulow J, Burden C, Begg L. Antimicrobial prescribing guidelines for horses in Australia. Aust Vet J 2025 Dec;103(12):781-889.
                doi: 10.1111/avj.70003pubmed: 40903020google scholar: lookup
              15. Gamage C, Holl W, Parreño V, Thieulent CJ, Balasuriya UBR, Vissani MA, Barrandeguy ME, Carossino M. Comparative clinical, virological and pathological characterization of equine rotavirus A G3P[12] and G14P[12] infection in neonatal mice. J Gen Virol 2025 Jun;106(6).
                doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.002110pubmed: 40471657google scholar: lookup
              16. Cullinane A, Garvey M, Dayot L, Lukaseviciute G. Equine Rotavirus A Outbreaks in Ireland (2023-2024): An Epidemiological Investigation and Virus Genotyping. Viruses 2025 Mar 31;17(4).
                doi: 10.3390/v17040511pubmed: 40284954google scholar: lookup
              17. Ghonaim AH, Rouby SR, Nageeb WM, Elgendy AA, Xu R, Jiang C, Ghonaim NH, He Q, Li W. Insights into recent advancements in human and animal rotavirus vaccines: Exploring new frontiers. Virol Sin 2025 Feb;40(1):1-14.
                doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.12.001pubmed: 39672271google scholar: lookup
              18. Uprety T, Soni S, Sreenivasan C, Hause BM, Naveed A, Ni S, Graves AJ, Morrow JK, Meade N, Mellits KH, Adam E, Kennedy MA, Wang D, Li F. Genetic and antigenic characterization of two diarrhoeicdominant rotavirus A genotypes G3P[12] and G14P[12] circulating in the global equine population. J Gen Virol 2024 Aug;105(8).
                doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.002016pubmed: 39163114google scholar: lookup
              19. Carossino M, Vissani MA, Barrandeguy ME, Balasuriya UBR, Parreño V. Equine Rotavirus A under the One Health Lens: Potential Impacts on Public Health. Viruses 2024 Jan 16;16(1).
                doi: 10.3390/v16010130pubmed: 38257830google scholar: lookup
              Subscribe to our newsletter
              Join 99,107 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.