Principles of antimicrobial therapy: what should we be using?
Abstract: Although the use of antimicrobials has had an insurmountable impact on preventing patient morbidity and mortality, problems with antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial-induced diarrhea are becoming more apparent in human and veterinary medicine. The mortality associated with nosocomial infection with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in human patients is alarming. Similarly, in veterinary medicine, the morbidity and high cost of treatment of patients with postoperative infection, for example, are concerns. Specifically in equine medicine, the high morbidity and mortality associated with antimicrobial-induced diarrhea have been devastating in many equine practices. Misuse of antimicrobials is extremely common in human and veterinary medicine. All clinicians have the responsibility to consider the appropriateness of their antimicrobial use carefully and, whenever possible, to minimize antimicrobial administration to patients.
Publication Date: 2006-08-03 PubMed ID: 16882476DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2006.04.004Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research paper explores the issues related to antimicrobial use, particularly discussing its disadvantages such as antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial-induced diarrhea. The paper highlights the need for careful consideration in administering antimicrobial treatments in human and veterinary medicine.
Problems with Antimicrobial Use
- The study opens by acknowledging the immense impact of antimicrobials in preventing mortality and morbidity among patients. However, it also presents the escalating issues associated with their use, such as antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial-induced diarrhea, which are becoming increasingly prevalent in both human and veterinary medicine.
Impacts on Human Patients
- The mortality rate resulting from nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infections with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria among human patients is highlighted as alarmingly high. The paper emphasizes the severe problems caused by the misuse of antimicrobials.
Impacts on Veterinary Medicine
- The paper draws specific attention to the negative impacts of antimicrobial misuse in veterinary medicine. High morbidity, high treatment costs, and most notably, the devastating effects of antimicrobial-induced diarrhea in equine practices are highlighted as significant problems in this area.
Responsibility of Clinicians
- The study stresses that clinicians in both human and veterinary medicine have a responsibility to reconsider the appropriateness of their antimicrobial usage. It suggests that, when possible, these professionals should aim to minimize the administration of antimicrobials to their patients to mitigate the negative impacts discussed.
Cite This Article
APA
Southwood LL.
(2006).
Principles of antimicrobial therapy: what should we be using?
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 22(2), 279-vii.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2006.04.004 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA. southwoo@vet.upenn.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Anti-Infective Agents / therapeutic use
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis / veterinary
- Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
- Bacterial Infections / prevention & control
- Bacterial Infections / veterinary
- Diarrhea / chemically induced
- Diarrhea / veterinary
- Drug Resistance, Microbial
- Drug Utilization / ethics
- Drug Utilization / standards
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Humans
- Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Veterinary Medicine / ethics
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Rockow M, Griffenhagen G, Landolt G, Hendrickson D, Pezzanite L. Current Antimicrobial Use in Horses Undergoing Exploratory Celiotomy: A Survey of Board-Certified Equine Specialists.. Animals (Basel) 2023 Apr 22;13(9).
- Gandini M, Cerullo A, Franci P, Giusto G. Changes in Perioperative Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Regimens for Colic Surgery in Horses: A Single Center Report.. Vet Sci 2022 Oct 4;9(10).
- Straticò P, Varasano V, Guerri G, Celani G, Palozzo A, Petrizzi L. A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases.. Animals (Basel) 2020 Dec 21;10(12).
- Redding L, Grunwald H, Cole S, Rankin S, Nolen-Walston R. Modification of empirical antimicrobial regimens in large animal medicine.. Vet Rec 2020 Oct 31;187(9):e78.
- Sassot LN, Ragle CA, Farnsworth KD, Lund CM. Morcellation for testes extraction in horses undergoing standing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy.. Can Vet J 2017 Nov;58(11):1215-1220.
- Abdel-Daim MM, Ghazy EW. Effects of Nigella sativa oil and ascorbic acid against oxytetracycline-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rabbits.. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2015 Mar;18(3):221-7.
- Bryan J, Leonard N, Fanning S, Katz L, Duggan V. Antimicrobial resistance in commensal faecal Escherichia coli of hospitalised horses.. Ir Vet J 2010 Jun 1;63(6):373-9.
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