Abstract: Haematogenous septic arthritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in foals. Previous research has demonstrated a variable prognosis for athletic performance in foals diagnosed with septic arthritis. Objective: To determine the racing prognosis for Thoroughbred foals, 6 months of age or less with single septic joint of presumed haematogenous origin without recognised systemic sepsis or other serious comorbidity compared with a group of maternal sibling controls. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Data were collected from Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital in-patient records from 2009 to 2016. Parameters evaluated included: diagnostic tests, therapeutic regimens, final diagnosis and outcome. Racing records were obtained from a public archive for cases and two maternal siblings. Univariable analyses of categorical variables were conducted. Results: Ninety-five cases of Thoroughbred foals 6 months of age or less were included in this study. The last measured synovial cell count prior to hospital discharge or euthanasia (OR 0.5, p value 0.002, 95% CI: 0.3-0.8) was an indicator of poor prognosis for survival to discharge. Overall, the prognosis for survival was high (93%). Total winnings per career were the only statistically significant racing performance variable between cases and paired controls (IRR 0.7, p value, 0.05, 95% CI: 0.5-0.99). Conclusions: Retrospective study, evaluation of one regional population, potential for unknown prior exclusionary treatment on farm, unknown chronicity, no data on acute phase proteins and proportion of neutrophils of synovial fluid and unknown medical records of controls. Conclusions: While total winnings were reduced compared with maternal siblings, Thoroughbred foals with single joint septic arthritis have a favourable prognosis for both survival and starting in a race. Unassigned: Artrite séptica hematogênica é a maior causa de morbidade e mortalidade em potros. Estudos prévios demonstraram um prognóstico variável para a performance atlética de potros diagnosticados com artrite séptica. Objective: Determinar o prognóstico atlético de potros Puro Sangue Inglês, de seis meses de idade ou menos, com uma única articulação séptica de origem presumida hematogênica, sem nenhum sinal sistêmico de sepse reconhecido e sem outras comorbidades sérias, comparados com um grupo de irmãos maternos como controle. Unassigned: Estudo coort retrospectivo. MÉTODOS: Dados foram coletados de pacientes do Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital de 2009 a 2016. Os parâmetros avaliados incluíram: testes diagnósticos, tratamentos, diagnóstico final e sobrevivência à alta hospitalar. Os dados das corridas foram obtidos do equibase.com para os casos clínicos e dois irmãos maternos. Análise univariável de variantes categóricas foi realizada. Results: Noventa e cinco potros Puro Sangue Inglês de seis meses de idade ou menos foram incluídos nesse estudo. A última mensuração da contagem de células no líquido sinovial antes da alta hospitalar ou eutanásia (OR 0.5, p-value 0.002, 95% CI: 0.3 a 0.8) foi um indicador estatisticamente significante de prognóstico ruim para sobrevivência. O prognóstico para sobrevivência foi alto (93%). O ganho total por carreira foi o único fator estatisticamente diferente entre casos e controles (IRR 0.7, p-value, 0.05, 95% CI: 0.5 a 0.99). PRINCIPAIS LIMITAÇÕES: Estudo retrospectivo, avaliação de uma população em uma única região, chances de um tratamento desconhecido na fazenda, cronicidade desconhecida, ausência de resultados de proteínas de fase aguda e concentração de neutrófilos no líquido sinovial, e ausência de controles dos registros médicos. CONCLUSÕES: Apesar do ganho total ser menor quando comparado com os irmãos maternos, potros Puro Sangue Inglês com uma única articulação séptica têm um prognóstico favorável para sobrevivência e para iniciar uma corrida.
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The study examines the impact of septic arthritis on the survival rates and racing performance in Thoroughbred foals aged six months or less. The researchers found that these foals have a high survival rate and a good chance of starting a race, despite a reduction in total winnings compared to their healthy siblings.
Objective
Researchers aimed to gauge the racing prognosis for Thoroughbred foals, aged six months or less, who had single septic joint presumed to be of haematogenous origin and no notable systemic sepsis or other significant comorbidities. They sought to compare these findings with those from a group of maternal sibling controls.
Research Methodology
This was a retrospective cohort study. Its data collection involved obtaining information from the Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital in-patient records from 2009 to 2016.
The parameters evaluated in this study included diagnostic tests, the therapies used, the final diagnosis, and the outcome.
Racing records for cases and two maternal siblings were sourced from a public archive. From this data, categorical variable univariable analyses were performed.
The Results
Ninety-five cases involving Thoroughbred foals aged six months or less were included in this study.
A significant indicator of poor prognosis for survival to discharge was the last measured synovial cell count taken before hospital discharge or euthanasia.
However, the prognosis for survival was generally high at 93%.
Total winnings per career were the only significant difference in racing performance between the cases and controls, with the affected foals earning less.
Conclusions
The study is retrospective in nature and only evaluates one regional population.
There is potential for some unknown exclusionary treatments to have been performed on the farm before hospital admittance. Unknown chronicity was also a factor.
No data was collected on acute phase proteins and the proportion of neutrophils in the synovial fluid.
Finally, the medical records of controls are unknown.
In conclusion, despite a reduction in total winnings, Thoroughbred foals with single joint septic arthritis have a positive prognosis for survival and starting in a race.
Cite This Article
APA
Whisenant KD, Ruggles AJ, Stefanovski D, Woodie JB, Hopper SA, Embertson RM.
(2022).
Prognosis for survival to discharge and racing performance in Thoroughbred foals treated for single joint septic arthritis (2009-2016).
Equine Vet J, 55(4), 607-617.
https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13892
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