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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2024; 14(16); 2309; doi: 10.3390/ani14162309

Rapid Detection of Getah Virus Antibodies in Horses Using a Recombinant E2 Protein-Based Immunochromatographic Strip.

Abstract: The prevalence and impact of Getah virus (GETV) are significant concerns in China. GETV can infect a wide range of animals, including horses, pigs, sheep, cattle, birds, and humans, resulting in substantial losses in the livestock and agricultural industries. GETV infection can cause the development of ulcers and inflammation in the mouth and gums of horses, which result in pain and discomfort and lead to symptoms such as reduced appetite, drooling, and difficulty chewing. As a result, there is a pressing need for efficient and rapid disease diagnosis methods. However, the currently available diagnostic methods have limitations in terms of operational time, equipment, and the experience of the individuals using them. In this study, a rapid, specific, and sensitive detection method was developed using a colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic strip (ICS) for the detection of antibodies against GETV in horses. To prepare the ICS, the antigen domain of the E2 glycoprotein of GETV was expressed using the expression system after analysis with DNAstar v7.1 software. The nitrocellulose membrane was coated with rE2 protein or SPA to form the test line and control line, respectively. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability of the strip were verified. The results showed that the test strip had a detection limit of up to 1:320 dilutions for GETV-positive serum, with no cross-reactivity observed with other equine-susceptible pathogens such as equine arteritis virus (EAV), equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-I), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), equine influenza virus (EIV), African horse sickness virus (AHSV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Furthermore, the ICS exhibited a concordance rate of 94.0% when testing 182 clinical serum samples compared to the virus neutralization test. Overall, this ICS diagnosis method will be an effective tool for the rapid detection of GETV in the field.
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Publication Date: 2024-08-08 PubMed ID: 39199843PubMed Central: PMC11350704DOI: 10.3390/ani14162309Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article presents a new method for quickly detecting Getah virus in horses using a protein-based testing strip. This method avoids limitations of current diagnostic methods and offers a fast, accurate means of identifying the infection.

Understanding the Concerns About Getah Virus

  • Getah virus (GETV) is a major concern in China due to its widespread presence and impact on the agricultural industry. This virus can infect various animals, including horses, pigs, sheep, cattle, birds, and even humans, causing substantial economic loss.
  • In horses, this virus can cause painful inflammatory conditions in the mouth and gums, leading to ulcers, decreased appetite, drooling, and difficulty swallowing. The need for efficient diagnosis methods for this virus is therefore crucial.

Limitations of Current Diagnostic Methods

  • The diagnostic methods in use presently tend to be time-consuming, require specific equipment and prior experiential knowledge.

Development and Result of The New Diagnostic Method

  • The research team developed a new method of detecting GETV faster by using a colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic strip (ICS).
  • The E2 glycoprotein from GETV was expressed and used to prepare the ICS. The protein was applied onto a nitrocellulose membrane as the test line, while SPA was used to form the control line.
  • After optimization of the reaction conditions, the strip was tested for its sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability.
  • The results showed that the test strip could detect up to 1:320 dilutions of GETV-positive serum, with no cross-reactivity observed with other viruses that can affect horses, such as EAV, EHV-1, EIAV, EIV, AHSV, and JEV.
  • This method demonstrated a concordance rate of 94.0% when tested against 182 clinical serum samples in comparison to the standard virus neutralization test.

Conclusion

  • The newly developed ICS diagnostic method proved to be an effective tool for rapidly detecting GETV. Its efficiency and accuracy suggest that it could be beneficial in the field for immediate and reliable diagnoses.

Cite This Article

APA
Zhong D, Zheng J, Ma Z, Wang Y, Wei J. (2024). Rapid Detection of Getah Virus Antibodies in Horses Using a Recombinant E2 Protein-Based Immunochromatographic Strip. Animals (Basel), 14(16), 2309. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14162309

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 16
PII: 2309

Researcher Affiliations

Zhong, Dengke
  • Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai 201699, China.
Zheng, Jiayang
  • Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
Ma, Zhiyong
  • Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
Wang, Yan
  • Technical Center for Animal, Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine of Shanghai Customs, Shanghai 200135, China.
Wei, Jianchao
  • Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.

Grant Funding

  • 2020-02-08-00-10-F01470 / Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program, China
  • KY6(2)-0000-23-08 / Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry
  • 125161035 / Cooperation on Animal Biosecurity Prevention and Control in Lancang Mekong Countries

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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