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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Vet Sci / Reactivity of Horse Sera to Antigens Derived From Sarcocysti...
Frontiers in veterinary science2020; 7; 573016; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.573016

Reactivity of Horse Sera to Antigens Derived From Sarcocystis falcatula-Like and Sarcocystis neurona.

Abstract: and are protozoan parasites endemic to the Americas. The former is the major cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis, and the latter is associated with pulmonary sarcocystosis in birds. The opossum is the definitive host of these parasites in North America. Four species are found in Brazil, and in most reports in this country, species shed by opossums have been classified as -like. It is unknown whether reports on -seropositive horses in Brazil are also derived from exposure of horses to -like. The aim of this study was to test the sera reactivity of 409 horses in Brazil using antigens derived from a Brazilian strain of like (Sarco-BA1) and from a North American strain of (SN138). Samples were examined by immunofluorescent antibody tests (IFATs) at start dilutions of 1:20, and a selected number of samples was tested by Western blot (WB). Sera from 43/409 (10.5%) horses were reactive to -like and 70 of 409 (17.1%) were reactive to antigen; sera from 25 animals (6.1%) were positive for both parasites by IFAT. A poor agreement was observed between the two employed IFATs (κ = 0.364), indicating that horses were exposed to more than one species. Horse sera evaluated by WB consisted of four sera reactive to -like by IFAT, six sera positive to by IFAT, two sera that tested negative to both parasites by IFAT, and a negative control horse serum from New Zealand. Proteins in the range of 16 and 30 kDa were recognized by part of IFAT-positive sera using both antigen preparations. We concluded that Brazilian horses are exposed to distinct species that generate different serological responses in exposed animals. Antigens in the range of 16 and 30 kDa are probably homologous in the two parasites. Exposure of the tested horses to other species, such as , and , or cannot be excluded in the current study.
Copyright © 2020 Borges-Silva, de Jesus, Ferreira and Gondim.
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Publication Date: 2020-11-02 PubMed ID: 33240954PubMed Central: PMC7667019DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.573016Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates whether horses in Brazil have been exposed to two different types of protozoan parasites, Sarcocystis falcatula-like and Sarcocystis neurona. Through a series of tests, the researchers find that the horses have indeed had exposure to more than one species of these parasites indicated by differing serological responses in the animals.

Introduction and Study Objective

  • The paper discusses two protozoan parasites, Sarcocystis falcatula – like and Sarcocystis neurona which are endemic to the Americas. Sarcocystis neurona is recognized as the leading cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis, a severe neurological disease observed in horses whereas Sarcocystis falcatula-like is associated with bird infections.
  • A confusion exists due to four Sarcocystis species found in Brazil which in many reports have been classified as Sarcocystis falcatula-like. This study aims to figure out if the Sarcocystis neurona seropositive horses in Brazil have also been exposed to Sarcocystis falcatula-like.

Methodology and Findings

  • To test the sera reactivity, they used antigens derived from a Brazilian strain of Sarcocystis falcatula like (Sarco-BA1) and from a North American strain of Sarcocystis neurona (SN138). These antigen tests were conducted on sera taken from 409 horses.
  • Immunofluorescent antibody tests (IFATs) were used, starting with dilutions of 1:20 and a selected number of samples were tested using Western Blot (WB) for confirming the results.
  • Results showed that 10.5% of horse sera were reactive to Sarcocystis falcatula-like and 17.1% were reactive to Sarcocystis neurona antigen. Additionally, 6.1% of the tested sera were found to be positive for antigens from both parasites.
  • The agreement between the two prescribed IFATs was found to be poor (κ = 0.364), emphasizing that the horses were exposed to more than one species of these parasites.

Conclusion

  • The research concluded that Brazilian horses are exposed to multiple Sarcocystis species that generate different serological responses when animals are exposed to them.
  • Furthermore, the proteins within the range of 16 and 30 kDa are identified by some of the IFAT-positive sera using both the antigen preparations, suggesting that similar or homologous proteins are present in both parasites.
  • Exposure of the tested horses to other Sarcocystis species or parasites can’t be debunked based on this study.

Cite This Article

APA
Borges-Silva W, de Jesus RF, Ferreira R, Gondim LFP. (2020). Reactivity of Horse Sera to Antigens Derived From Sarcocystis falcatula-Like and Sarcocystis neurona. Front Vet Sci, 7, 573016. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.573016

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 7
Pages: 573016
PII: 573016

Researcher Affiliations

Borges-Silva, Waléria
  • Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
de Jesus, Rogério F
  • Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Ferreira, Rachel
  • Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Gondim, Luís F P
  • Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.

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