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Equine veterinary journal2021; 54(2); 201-218; doi: 10.1111/evj.13517

Recovery of horses from general anaesthesia: A systematic review (2000-2020) of risk factors and influence of interventions during the recovery period.

Abstract: In equine anaesthesia, the recovery period is a time of considerable risk and has been the focus of prolific research. Risk factors, including age, type and duration of procedure or temperament may influence recovery quality. Unfortunately, the anaesthetist is unable to control for these factors, therefore various pharmacological interventions and recovery methods have been developed with the objective of improving recovery quality. However, no consensus among anaesthetists has been reached for many of these interventions and their implications for recovery-related mortality and morbidity. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the published evidence relating to risk factors and interventions in the recovery period which may influence recovery quality from equine general anaesthesia (GA). Methods: A systematic evaluation of the equine veterinary literature using the GRADE framework. Methods: A literature search was performed and studies were assessed for eligibility by both authors utilising PRISMA guidelines. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were evaluated by both authors, categorically summarised and the quality of evidence for each sub-topic was assessed using the GRADE framework. Results: Thirty-nine studies were identified which directly assessed the impact of risk factors and recovery interventions on recovery quality after equine GA. There was evidence to support that peri-anaesthetic risk factors such as anaesthesia duration, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status and surgical procedure influenced recovery quality. We also identified sufficient evidence that administration of α-2 adrenoreceptor agonists immediately prior to recovery, improves recovery quality. Conclusions: The validity of the results of some studies may have been compromised by missing data and small sample sizes. Conclusions: Recovery quality is influenced by factors including: anaesthesia duration, ASA physical status and surgical procedure. Recovery quality can be improved by the administration of an α-2 adrenoreceptor agonist immediately prior to recovery.
© 2021 EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2021-10-11 PubMed ID: 34537994DOI: 10.1111/evj.13517Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study is a systematic review of research conducted from 2000 to 2020 examining risk factors and the impact of various interventions on the quality of recovery in horses following general anaesthesia.

Objective and Methodology

  • The main objective of this research was to review and assess the published evidence concerning risk factors and interventions during the recovery period that may affect recovery quality from general anaesthesia in horses.
  • In terms of methodology, a thorough evaluation of the veterinary literature pertaining to equines was carried out, primarily based on the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) framework.
  • The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were used to select eligible studies. Both authors assessed and summarized studies that met the inclusion criteria and then determined the quality of evidence for each subtopic using the GRADE system.

Results

  • Overall, 39 studies were identified which directly examined the impact of risk factors and recovery interventions on the quality of outputs after general anaesthesia.
  • These studies provided evidence to suggest that risk factors occurring around the time of anaesthesia, such as the duration of the anaesthesia, the physical status as determined by the American Society of Anesthesiologists, and the surgical procedure can significantly influence recovery quality.
  • The review also revealed that the quality of recovery can be improved by administering α-2 adrenoreceptor agonists immediately prior to the recovery period.

Conclusions

  • The authors noted that the results of some studies included in the review might have been affected by missing data and small sample sizes, raising concerns about validity.
  • The overall conclusions drawn from the research were that recovery quality is impacted by factors including the duration of anaesthesia, physical status according to the ASA, and the surgical procedure.
  • Further, it was concluded that the administration of an α-2 adrenoreceptor agonist immediately before the recovery stage can enhance recovery quality.

The researchers have highlighted that despite significant research in this domain, no consensus has yet been reached among anaesthetists about many of these recovery interventions and their implications for recovery-related mortality and morbidity. These findings provide a basis for further research into more consistently effective interventions during the recovery period of horses from general anaesthesia.

Cite This Article

APA
Loomes K, Louro LF. (2021). Recovery of horses from general anaesthesia: A systematic review (2000-2020) of risk factors and influence of interventions during the recovery period. Equine Vet J, 54(2), 201-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13517

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 54
Issue: 2
Pages: 201-218

Researcher Affiliations

Loomes, Kate
  • Rainbow Equine Hospital, Malton, UK.
Louro, Luís Filipe
  • School of Veterinary Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Wirral, UK.

MeSH Terms

  • Anesthesia, General / adverse effects
  • Anesthesia, General / veterinary
  • Anesthetics
  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Risk Factors

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Citations

This article has been cited 8 times.
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