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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio in neona...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2023; 37(4); 1552-1560; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16793

Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio in neonatal foals with sepsis.

Abstract: Rapid and accurate markers to aid diagnosis of sepsis are needed in neonatal foals. The CBC variable red blood cell distribution width (RDW) to platelet ratio (RPR) is associated with inflammatory response and linked to poor outcomes of sepsis in human patients. Objective: Explore the correlation of RPR with sepsis in neonatal foals and evaluate RPR predictive and prognostic value. Methods: Three hundred seventeen hospitalized neonatal foals ≤7 days of age that had a CBC and physical exam performed at admission between 2012 and 2021. Methods: Retrospective case-control study. Clinical records were used to calculate sepsis scores and define groups. Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio was calculated and compared between groups (septic vs nonseptic) based on Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. A multivariate logistic regression model to predict sepsis was created. The cutoff for RPR was obtained based on the maximal Youden Index. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used to estimate survival curves and compare survival rates based on RPR. Results: Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio was significantly higher in septic foals (Median = 0.099, confidence interval [CI] [0.093; 0.108]) than in sick nonseptic (0.085, CI [0.083; 0.089]) and healthy foals (0.081, CI [0.077; 0.086]; P < .0001). Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio was able to predict sepsis with high accuracy (AUC = 82.1%). The optimal RPR cutoff for sepsis was 0.09. Conclusions: Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio calculation is practical, inexpensive, and based on CBC-derived data. Calculation of RPR along with CBC can aid in the diagnosis of sepsis and estimation of outcome.
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2023-06-12 PubMed ID: 37306395PubMed Central: PMC10365058DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16793Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigated the correlation between the red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio (RPR) and sepsis in newborn horses (foals), demonstrating that RPR analysis may be an inexpensive and practical tool for diagnosing sepsis and predicting outcomes in these animals.

Study Overview

  • The study was a retrospective case-control trial that involved 317 hospitalized foals aged seven days or younger. These animals had a complete blood count (CBC) and physical examination upon admission between 2012 and 2021.
  • The researchers used clinical records to calculate sepsis scores and define groups. They then calculated the RPR and compared it across groups (septic vs. non-septic foals).

Methods Applied

  • Statistical methods used in the study included the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to compare the RPR between groups.
  • A multivariate logistic regression model was developed to predict sepsis.
  • The cutoff for RPR was determined based on the maximal Youden Index, a statistic which summarizes the performance of a diagnostic test.
  • The Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used to estimate survival curves and compare survival rates based on RPR.

Findings and Conclusion

  • The RPR was significantly higher in septic foals than in non-septic sick and healthy foals. Specifically, the median RPR in septic foals was 0.099, compared to 0.085 and 0.081 in sick non-septic and healthy foals, respectively.
  • The RPR was found to predict sepsis with high accuracy (82.1%), with the optimal RPR cutoff for sepsis being 0.09.
  • The conclusions suggest that RPR calculation is a practical, inexpensive tool that can be applied in conjunction with CBC to aid in the diagnosis of sepsis and estimation of outcomes in neonatal foals.

Cite This Article

APA
Scalco R, de Oliveira GN, da Rosa Curcio B, Wooten M, Magdesian KG, Hidai ST, Pandit P, Aleman M. (2023). Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio in neonatal foals with sepsis. J Vet Intern Med, 37(4), 1552-1560. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16793

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 37
Issue: 4
Pages: 1552-1560

Researcher Affiliations

Scalco, Rebeca
  • Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
de Oliveira, Gabriela Novo
  • Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
da Rosa Curcio, Bruna
  • Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Pelotas-RS, Pelotas, Brazil.
Wooten, McCaide
  • Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Magdesian, K Gary
  • Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Hidai, Stephanie Takako
  • Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Pandit, Pranav
  • EpiCenter for Disease Dynamics, One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Aleman, Monica
  • Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.

Grant Funding

  • V435804 / Equine and Comparative Neurology Research Group

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 7 times.
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