Replication of neurovirulent equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) in CD172a+ monocytic cells.
Abstract: Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is responsible for respiratory disorders, abortion and myeloencephalopathy (EHM) in horses. Two pathotypes of EHV-1 strains are circulating in the field: neurovirulent (N) and non-neurovirulent (NN). For both strains, CD172a monocytic cells are one of the main carrier cells of EHV-1 during primary infection, allowing the virus to invade the horse's body. Recently, we showed that EHV-1 NN strains showed a restricted and delayed replication in CD172a cells. Here we characterize the in vitro replication kinetics of two EHV-1N strains in CD172a cells and investigate if the replication of these strains is similarly silenced as shown for EHV-1 NN strains. We found that EHV-1N replication was restricted to 7-8% in CD172a cells compared to 100% in control RK-13 cells. EHV-1N replication was not delayed in CD172a cells but virus production was significant lower (10 TCID/10 inoculated cells) than in RK-13 cells (10 TCID/10 inoculated cells). Approximately 0.04% of CD172a cells produced and transmitted infectious EHV-1 to neighbour cells compared to 65% of RK-13 cells. Unlike what we observed for the NN strain, pretreatment of CD172a cells with histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi) did not influence the replication of EHV-1N strains in these cells. Overall, these results show that the EHV-1 replication of N strains in CD172a cells differs from that observed for NN strains, which may contribute to their different pathogeneses in vivo.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2016-11-15 PubMed ID: 28131380DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2016.11.006Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research discusses Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) that primarily affects horses, causing respiratory issues, abortion, and neurological disorders. The study focuses on understanding the replication behavior of EHV-1 neurovirulent strains in CD172a monocytic cells, in comparison to the replication behavior of non-neurovirulent strains.
Introduction and Background
- The study commences by introducing the reader to Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1), a significant equine pathogen causing respiratory disorders, abortion, and a unique equine myeloencephalopathy.
- There are two categories of EHV-1 strains – neurovirulent (N) and non-neurovirulent (NN). The significant difference between these two lies in their pathogenic tendencies.
- For both strains, one of the primary carrier cells during the initial stage of infection is the CD172a monocytic cells as these cells help the virus infiltrate the horse’s body.
Previous Findings and New Objectives
- Earlier research showed that EHV-1 NN strains exhibit a limited and delayed replication in CD172a cells.
- The current research continues on this path, with the objective being to investigate the replication kinetics of two EHV-1N strains in CD172a cells, hoping to understand if the replication of these strains resembles the supremacy shown for EHV-1 NN strains.
Results and Observations
- The researchers found that replication of EHV-1N strains was constrained to a maximum of just 7-8% in the CD172a cells, marking a significant contrast as compared to the full replication (100%) observed in the control RK-13 cells.
- There was no delayed replication of EHV-1N in the CD172a cells, but the virus production did appear significantly lower in comparison.
- Only around 0.04% of CD172a cells managed to produce and transmit the infectious EHV-1, compared to a staggering 65% of RK-13 cells.
- Unlike the results observed when working with the NN strain, the pretreatment of CD172a cells with histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi) seemed to have no significant effect on the replication of EHV-1N strains in these cells.
Conclusion
- The conclusive findings reveal a difference in replication behavior of the N strains of EHV-1 in CD172a cells, in comparison to that observed for NN strains.
- This difference, as suggested by the researchers, could be the key factor influencing their distinctive pathogeneses in vivo.
Cite This Article
APA
Laval K, Van Cleemput J, Poelaert KC, Brown IK, Nauwynck HJ.
(2016).
Replication of neurovirulent equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) in CD172a+ monocytic cells.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis, 50, 58-62.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2016.11.006 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. Electronic address: hans.nauwynck@ugent.be.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / pathogenicity
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / physiology
- Horses
- Monocytes / virology
- Virus Replication
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Laval K, Poelaert KCK, Van Cleemput J, Zhao J, Vandekerckhove AP, Gryspeerdt AC, Garré B, van der Meulen K, Baghi HB, Dubale HN, Zarak I, Van Crombrugge E, Nauwynck HJ. The Pathogenesis and Immune Evasive Mechanisms of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1. Front Microbiol 2021;12:662686.
- Sutton G, Thieulent C, Fortier C, Hue ES, Marcillaud-Pitel C, Pléau A, Deslis A, Guitton E, Paillot R, Pronost S. Identification of a New Equid Herpesvirus 1 DNA Polymerase (ORF30) Genotype with the Isolation of a C(2254)/H(752) Strain in French Horses Showing no Major Impact on the Strain Behaviour. Viruses 2020 Oct 13;12(10).
- Poelaert KCK, Van Cleemput J, Laval K, Descamps S, Favoreel HW, Nauwynck HJ. Beyond Gut Instinct: Metabolic Short-Chain Fatty Acids Moderate the Pathogenesis of Alphaherpesviruses. Front Microbiol 2019;10:723.
- Poelaert KCK, Van Cleemput J, Laval K, Favoreel HW, Couck L, Van den Broeck W, Azab W, Nauwynck HJ. Equine Herpesvirus 1 Bridles T Lymphocytes To Reach Its Target Organs. J Virol 2019 Apr 1;93(7).
- Conn KL. Equine histones are mobilized within equid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV1) replication compartments. J Virol 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158925.
- Mohamed E, Zarak I, Vereecke N, Theuns S, Laval K, Nauwynck H. Genomic analysis and replication kinetics of the closely related EHV-1 neuropathogenic 21P40 and abortigenic 97P70 strains. Vet Res 2025 Jan 13;56(1):12.
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