Retrospective analysis of local injection site adverse reactions associated with 230 allogenic administrations of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in 164 horses.
Abstract: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are frequently used in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries. Fully characterised cells that are readily available for use is optimum. Allogenic BM-MSCs can satisfy the need for rapid treatment, however, their safety has been questioned. Objective: Objectives were to characterise BM-MSCs from an adult donor horse, in vitro, and to identify and describe adverse reactions that occurred following their injection into other horses. We hypothesised that BM-MSCs capable of proliferation, differentiation and lacking MHC II from one donor could be implanted into another individual without significant adverse reactions and the frequency of adverse reactions in clinical cases would be similar to that previously reported for autologous BM-MSCs. Methods: Retrospective clinical study. Methods: BM-MSCs were proliferated and characterised from one donor and cryopreserved for clinical use. Medical records for horses injected with allogenic BM-MSCs from this donor at a single hospital were used. After routine lameness exam, lesions were identified using diagnostic ultrasound or MRI. Post injection reaction was defined as increased pain, swelling, or heat at or near injection site, or increased lameness. Treatments required for each reaction were noted. Results: BM-MSCs proliferated and underwent differentiation. Cells were found to be negative for MHC-II (<2%) and were viable after cryopreservation and shipping. Ten of 230 (4.35%) injections were noted to be associated with an adverse reaction. Adverse reactions occurred in synovial structures (n = 3) and in soft tissues (n = 7). Conclusions: This investigation could underestimate the number and severity of reactions. Mild reactions, such as synovitis, may have been missed. Also, anti-inflammatory drugs could overshadow mild reactions, making them less likely to be detected. Conclusions: Fully characterised allogenic BM-MSCs originating from a single donor horse can be administered to horses with soft tissue injuries with a low rate of adverse reaction. The Summary is available in Portuguese - see Supporting Information.
© 2018 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2018-08-04 PubMed ID: 29992618DOI: 10.1111/evj.12992Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Adverse Effects
- Bone Marrow
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Viability
- Clinical Study
- Clinical Symptoms
- Cryopreservation
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Health
- Horses
- In Vitro Research
- In Vivo
- Lameness
- Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
- Mesenchymal Cells
- Musculoskeletal System
- Retrospective Study
- Soft Tissue
- Stem Cells
- Veterinary Medicine
Summary
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This research article investigates the safety and efficacy of using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) from a single donor horse for the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in other horses. The study found that BM-MSCs capable of proliferation and differentiation could be implanted into another individual without significant adverse reactions.
Donor Horse BM-MSC Characterisation and Distribution
- The research centred around characterising BM-MSCs from an adult donor horse in vitro, exploring their abilities to proliferate, differentiate, and their lack of MHC II. These cells were then cryopreserved for clinical use.
- The hypothesis suggested that these cells could be transplanted into recipient horses without causing substantial adverse effects. The frequency of such reactions was also compared to the rates previously reported for autologous BM-MSCs.
Study Methodology
- Researchers used the medical records of horses treated with the allogenic BM-MSCs at a single hospital. After an ordinary lameness examination, the lesions on the horses were identified using diagnostic ultrasound or MRI.
- A reaction post-injection was considered to be an increase in pain, swelling, or heat at or near the injection site, or increased lameness. Any treatments required for these potential reactions were duly noted.
Study Results
- The results demonstrated that these BM-MSCs could proliferate and undergo differentiation, proving viable after cryopreservation and shipping.
- In total, 10 of 230 injections (4.35%) were associated with an adverse reaction; such reactions occurred in synovial structures (n = 3) and soft tissues (n = 7).
Study Limitations and Conclusion
- The researchers admitted that this study might underestimate the number and severity of reactions due to possible overlooking of mild reactions like synovitis. The use of anti-inflammatory drugs could also potentially mask milder reactions.
- In conclusion, the study confirmed that fully characterised allogenic BM-MSCs from a single donor horse could be administered to other horses with a low rate of adverse reactions, demonstrating the potential use of these cells in treating soft tissue injuries.
Cite This Article
APA
Ursini TL, Amelse LL, Elkhenany HA, Odoi A, Carter-Arnold JL, Adair HS, Dhar MS.
(2018).
Retrospective analysis of local injection site adverse reactions associated with 230 allogenic administrations of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in 164 horses.
Equine Vet J, 51(2), 198-205.
https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12992 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
- Oklahoma Equine Hospital, Washington, Oklahoma, USA.
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Allografts
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Cells
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horses
- Injection Site Reaction / veterinary
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / veterinary
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Grant Funding
- Tennessee Equine Veterinary Research Organization
Citations
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