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Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2016; 5(3); 55; doi: 10.3390/pathogens5030055

Retrospective Analysis of the Equine Influenza Virus A/Equine/Kirgizia/26/1974 (H7N7) Isolated in Central Asia.

Abstract: A retrospective phylogenetic characterization of the hemagglutinin, neuraminidase and nucleoprotein genes of equine influenza virus A/equine/Kirgizia/26/1974 (H7N7) which caused an outbreak in Kirgizia (a former Soviet Union republic, now Kyrgyzstan) in 1977 was conducted. It was defined that it was closely related to the strain London/1973 isolated in Europe and it shared a maximum nucleotide sequence identity at 99% with it. This Central Asian equine influenza virus isolate did not have any specific genetic signatures and can be considered as an epizootic strain of 1974 that spread in Europe. The absence of antibodies to this subtype EI virus (EIV) in recent research confirms its disappearance as of the 1990s when the antibodies were last found in unvaccinated horses.
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Publication Date: 2016-08-10 PubMed ID: 27517962PubMed Central: PMC5039435DOI: 10.3390/pathogens5030055Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article investigates the genetic characteristics of a specific strain of equine influenza virus that caused an outbreak in Central Asia in the 1970s and compares it to a similar strain found in Europe during the same period. The research also reveals the virus’ disappearance by the 1990s based on the lack of corresponding antibodies found in unvaccinated horses’ samples.

Overview of the Study

  • The study primarily focuses on an outbreak of the equine influenza virus in Kirgizia (now Kyrgyzstan) in 1977, specifically the strain A/equine/Kirgizia/26/1974 (H7N7).
  • The researchers carried out a retrospective phylogenetic analysis of this virus. In simpler terms, they sequenced and analyzed the genetic code of this virus to understand its genetic history.

Analysis and Findings

  • The genetic markers of importance in this study were the hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and nucleoprotein genes. These genes play vital roles in the virus’ life cycle and they change significantly as the virus evolves.
  • The researchers found that the Central Asian H7N7 virus was closely related to the London/1973 strain isolated in Europe, to the extent of sharing a maximum nucleotide sequence identity at 99%.
  • Despite the close genetic relation to the London/1973 strain, the H7N7 strain did not have any specific genetic signatures, indicating that it is a common variant of the virus and could be considered an epizootic strain that spread in Europe in 1974.

The Disappearance of the Virus

  • The research paper also discusses the current status of this specific strain of the equine influenza virus.
  • The last confirmed presence of this virus was in the 1990s, as suggested by the presence of corresponding antibodies in unvaccinated horses.
  • Recent research has not found any antibodies to this subtype of the equine influenza virus (EIV), indicating its disappearance.

Cite This Article

APA
Karamendin K, Kydyrmanov A, Sayatov M, Strochkov V, Sandybayev N, Sultankulova K. (2016). Retrospective Analysis of the Equine Influenza Virus A/Equine/Kirgizia/26/1974 (H7N7) Isolated in Central Asia. Pathogens, 5(3), 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens5030055

Publication

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-0817
NlmUniqueID: 101596317
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
PII: 55

Researcher Affiliations

Karamendin, Kobey
  • Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str., Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan. kobey@nursat.kz.
Kydyrmanov, Aidyn
  • Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str., Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan. kydyrmanov@yandex.kz.
Sayatov, Marat
  • Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str., Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan. ecovir@nursat.kz.
Strochkov, Vitaliy
  • Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Gvardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan. vstrochkoV@biosafety.kz.
Sandybayev, Nurlan
  • Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Gvardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan. nurlan.s@mail.ru.
Sultankulova, Kulaysan
  • Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Gvardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan. sultankul@biosafety.kz.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Burashev Y, Orynbayev M, Zakarya K, Abduraimov Y, Kassenov M, Strochkov V, Kozhabergenov N, Usserbayev B, Melisbek A, Shirinbekov M, Sypatay N, Sultankulova K. Complete Coding Genome Sequence of an Influenza A/H3N8 Equine Virus Isolated in Kazakhstan in 2007. Microbiol Resour Announc 2022 Oct 20;11(10):e0114721.
    doi: 10.1128/mra.01147-21pubmed: 36094178google scholar: lookup
  2. Blanco-Lobo P, Rodriguez L, Reedy S, Oladunni FS, Nogales A, Murcia PR, Chambers TM, Martinez-Sobrido L. A Bivalent Live-Attenuated Vaccine for the Prevention of Equine Influenza Virus. Viruses 2019 Oct 11;11(10).
    doi: 10.3390/v11100933pubmed: 31614538google scholar: lookup
  3. Burashev Y, Strochkov V, Sultankulova K, Orynbayev M, Sansyzbay A, Sandybayev N, Nurabayev S, Savitskaya I, Rock DL, Tulman ER. Complete Genome Sequencing of Two Equine Influenza A(H3N8) Virus Strains Isolated in Kazakhstan. Genome Announc 2018 Jun 28;6(26).
    doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00574-18pubmed: 29954896google scholar: lookup
  4. Sandybayev N, Strochkov V, Beloussov V, Orkara S, Kydyrmanov A, Khan Y, Batanova Z, Kassenov M. Evaluation of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for identifying H3 equine influenza virus in Kazakhstan. Vet World 2023 Aug;16(8):1682-1689.
    doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1682-1689pubmed: 37766711google scholar: lookup
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