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Home / Equine Research Bank / BMC Vet Res / Salivary alpha-amylase activity and cortisol in horses with ...
BMC veterinary research2018; 14(1); 156; doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1482-4

Salivary alpha-amylase activity and cortisol in horses with acute abdominal disease: a pilot study.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), considered a non-invasive biomarker for sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, and salivary cortisol as possible pain-induced stress biomarker, in horses with acute abdominal disease. Therefore, a prospective observational study was performed in which both biomarkers were analyzed in a group of horses with acute abdomen syndrome, and compared with a group of healthy control horses by an unpaired Student's t-test. In addition, the possible relationship between both biomarkers, the score in Equine Acute Abdominal Pain scales version 1 (EAAPS-1 scale), Heart Rate (HR) and Respiratory Rate (RR), plasma lactate, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) score and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentration was assessed by a Spearman correlation test. Results: A total of 30 horses were included in the study, 19 with acute abdominal disease diagnosed as large colon displacements, simple impactions of the pelvic flexure, spasmodic colics and enteritis and 11 healthy ones. sAA activity (24.5 median-fold, P <  0.0001) and salivary cortisol (1.7 median-fold, P <  0.01) were significantly higher in horses with acute abdomen than in healthy horses. sAA activity was significantly correlated with EAAPS-1 scale (r = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38-0.89, P < 0.001) and SIRS score (r = 0.49, 95% CI 0.03-0.78, P < 0.05). Neither sAA nor salivary cortisol correlated with HR, RR, plasma lactate and SAA. Conclusions: Although this study should be considered as preliminary one, alpha-amylase measurements in saliva could be a biomarker of pain-induced stress in horses with acute abdominal disease.
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Publication Date: 2018-05-10 PubMed ID: 29747642PubMed Central: PMC5946548DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1482-4Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Observational Study

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article presents a pilot study aimed at evaluating the potential of salivary alpha-amylase and salivary cortisol as non-invasive biomarkers for stress induced by pain in horses with acute abdominal disease.

Objective and Methodology

  • The study aimed to assess salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), which is considered a biomarker for the activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), and salivary cortisol as possible biomarkers for stress induced by pain in horses experiencing acute abdominal diseases.
  • A prospective observational study was conducted where these two biomarkers were analyzed in a group of horses suffering from acute abdominal syndrome.
  • The results were then compared with those of a healthy control group of horses using an unpaired Student’s t-test.
  • The correlation between these biomarkers and several other factors—such as the Equine Acute Abdominal Pain scales version 1 (EAAPS-1) score, Heart Rate (HR), Respiratory Rate (RR), plasma lactate, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) score, and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentration—was also assessed using a Spearman correlation test.

Results of the Study

  • A total of 30 horses were in the study – 19 diagnosed with acute abdominal diseases such as large colon displacements, simple impactions of the pelvic flexure, spasmodic colics and enteritis, and 11 healthy ones.
  • sAA activity and salivary cortisol were found to be significantly higher in horses with acute abdomen compared to healthy ones.
  • sAA activity showed significant correlation with EAAPS-1 scale and SIRS score.
  • Neither sAA nor salivary cortisol showed correlation with HR, RR, plasma lactate and SAA.

Conclusion

  • Although it’s a preliminary study, the results suggest that the measurement of alpha-amylase in saliva could serve as a potential biomarker for stress induced by pain in horses suffering from acute abdominal diseases.

Cite This Article

APA
Contreras-Aguilar MD, Escribano D, Martín-Cuervo M, Tecles F, Cerón JJ. (2018). Salivary alpha-amylase activity and cortisol in horses with acute abdominal disease: a pilot study. BMC Vet Res, 14(1), 156. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-018-1482-4

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Pages: 156
PII: 156

Researcher Affiliations

Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores
  • Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
Escribano, Damián
  • Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
  • Department of Food and Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Martín-Cuervo, María
  • Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, 10005, Cáceres, Spain.
Tecles, Fernando
  • Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. ftecles@um.es.
Cerón, Jose Joaquín
  • Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.

MeSH Terms

  • Abdomen, Acute / enzymology
  • Abdomen, Acute / veterinary
  • Acute Disease
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Colic / metabolism
  • Colic / veterinary
  • Colorimetry / veterinary
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / enzymology
  • Horses
  • Hydrocortisone / metabolism
  • Male
  • Pain / enzymology
  • Pain / veterinary
  • Pain Measurement / veterinary
  • Pilot Projects
  • Prospective Studies
  • Saliva / enzymology
  • Salivary alpha-Amylases / metabolism

Grant Funding

  • 19894/GERM/15 / Fundaciu00f3n Su00e9neca
  • R- 605/2016 / Universidad de Murcia

Conflict of Interest Statement

ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Written owner’s consent was obtained for all horses participating in this study. The Murcia University Ethics Committee with the number CEEA 288/2017 has approved this project. COMPETING INTERESTS: None of the authors has any financial or personal relationships that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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