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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract / Sarcoids.
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice2013; 29(3); 657-671; doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2013.09.002

Sarcoids.

Abstract: Sarcoids are the most common skin tumors seen in horses worldwide. The pathogenesis of sarcoids is multifactorial, including an association with bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 and a genetic susceptibility to tumor development. Clinical manifestations vary and include occult, verrucous, nodular, fibroblastic, mixed, and malignant (malevolent) types. The tumor is nonmetastasizing but can become very aggressive locally. Multiple tumors are common. All clinical types can be present in the same horse. No treatment protocol is universally effective. The tumor has a high risk of recurrence. Recurrent and large tumors are associated with poorer prognoses.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2013-11-26 PubMed ID: 24267682DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2013.09.002Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article investigates sarcoids, the most common skin tumors in horses, detailing their causes, clinical manifestations, aggressiveness, recurrence rates, and the various challenges in treating them.

Introduction to Sarcoids

  • The study begins by affirming that sarcoids are the most prevalent type of skin tumors found in horses globally.
  • The creation or pathogenesis of these tumors is multifactorial, implying that multiple factors contribute to their occurrence. Specifically, bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 are associated with their development. Moreover, there is a genetic susceptibility in horses that makes them prone to developing these tumors.

Clinical Manifestations

  • Sarcoids present differently in different horses. The clinical types mentioned include occult, verrucous, nodular, fibroblastic, mixed, and malignant (malevolent).
  • Sarcoids are not metastasizing tumors, meaning they do not spread to other parts of the body. However, they can be very aggressive locally.
  • The presence of multiple tumors is a common occurrence. Also, different clinical types can coexist in the same horse.

Treatment Challenges

  • One significant finding in this research is that no single treatment protocol is universally effective for sarcoids. This suggests that what works for one horse might not necessarily work for another, hence the difficulty in developing a universally accepted treatment plan.
  • These tumors also have a high risk of recurrence, which is a major obstacle in their management.

Prognosis

  • The research also states that recurrent and larger tumors are associated with poorer prognoses. Therefore, horses with recurring or larger tumors have less chance of recovery or successful treatment.

Cite This Article

APA
Bergvall KE. (2013). Sarcoids. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 29(3), 657-671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2013.09.002

Publication

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice
ISSN: 1558-4224
NlmUniqueID: 8511904
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 29
Issue: 3
Pages: 657-671
PII: S0749-0739(13)00060-6

Researcher Affiliations

Bergvall, Kerstin E
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Agriculture, Box 7084, Uppsala 750 07, Sweden. Electronic address: Kerstin.Bergvall@slu.se.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Bovine papillomavirus 1 / isolation & purification
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Horse Diseases / therapy
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses
  • Papillomavirus Infections / pathology
  • Papillomavirus Infections / veterinary
  • Papillomavirus Infections / virology
  • Sarcoidosis / pathology
  • Sarcoidosis / therapy
  • Sarcoidosis / veterinary
  • Sarcoidosis / virology
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology
  • Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
  • Skin Neoplasms / virology

Citations

This article has been cited 13 times.
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    doi: 10.1186/s12985-021-01735-5pubmed: 34991633google scholar: lookup
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    pubmed: 32255829
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    doi: 10.3390/ani10030517pubmed: 32204512google scholar: lookup
  7. Martano M, Altamura G, Power K, Restucci B, Carella F, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P. Evaluation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1α) in Equine Sarcoid: An Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study. Pathogens 2020 Jan 14;9(1).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens9010058pubmed: 31947661google scholar: lookup
  8. Haspeslagh M, Jordana Garcia M, Vlaminck LEM, Martens AM. Topical use of 5% acyclovir cream for the treatment of occult and verrucous equine sarcoids: a double-blinded placebo-controlled study. BMC Vet Res 2017 Oct 6;13(1):296.
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  11. Martano M, Corteggio A, Restucci B, De Biase ME, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P. Extracellular matrix remodeling in equine sarcoid: an immunohistochemical and molecular study. BMC Vet Res 2016 Feb 2;12:24.
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  13. Beermann A, Clottu O, Reif M, Biegel U, Unger L, Koch C. A randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded study comparing oral and subcutaneous administration of mistletoe extract for the treatment of equine sarcoid disease. J Vet Intern Med 2024 May-Jun;38(3):1815-1824.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.17052pubmed: 38529853google scholar: lookup
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