[Scanning electron microscopy of the synovial membrane of the distal phalangeal joint and the navicular bursa in horses].

This study examined the structure of the synovial membrane in the lower part of horses’ leg joints called the distal interphalangeal joint and navicular bursa, using scanning electron microscopy. It found synovial villi in both areas, as well as “trabecular-like” synovial membrane structures specifically in the distal interphalangeal joint.

Research Overview

• The research studied the synovial membrane of the distal interphalangeal joint and the navicular bursa in horses. These are parts of the horse’s leg joints.
• 20 horse extremities were used, and multiple samples were taken from each area of interest.

Findings

• The study revealed the presence of synovial villi close to the articular cartilage and in places where the joint capsule was loosely connected with ligaments or tendons or did not tightly cover the periost.
• Some synovial villi were found between the articular surfaces of the respective horse leg parts, the phalanx media and phalanx distalis.
• Along with synovial villi and synovial folds, the research found trabecular-like cords of synovial membrane in the dorsal recess of the distal interphalangeal joint which span from one side of the synovial membrane to another.

Significance

• The findings illustrate the structure of the synovial membrane in key areas of horse legs. This includes the characterisation of where synovial villi are found and the discovery of ‘trabecular-like’ synovial membrane structures in the distal interphalangeal joint.
• This discovery could be significant for understanding and treating equine joint conditions.