Secretory immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G in horse saliva.
Abstract: This study aimed to increase the knowledge on salivary antibodies in the horse since these constitute an important part of the immune defence of the oral cavity. For that purpose assays to detect horse immunoglobulin A (IgA) including secretory IgA (SIgA) were set up and the molecular weights of different components of the horse IgA system were estimated. Moreover, samples from 51 clinically healthy horses were tested for total SIgA and IgG amounts in saliva and relative IgG3/5 (IgG(T)) and IgG4/7 (IgGb) content were tested in serum and saliva. Results showed a mean concentration of 74μg SIgA/ml horse saliva and that there was a large inter-individual variation in salivary SIgA concentration. For total IgG the mean concentration was approx. 5 times lower than that of SIgA, i.e. 20μg IgG/ml saliva and the inter-individual variation was lower than that observed for SIgA. The saliva-serum ratio for IgG isotypes IgG3/5 and IgG4/7 was also assessed in the sampled horses and this analysis showed that the saliva-serum ratio of IgG4/7 was in general approximately 4 times higher than that of IgG3/5. The large inter-individual variation in salivary SIgA levels observed for the normal healthy horses in the present study emphasises the need for a large number of observations when studying this parameter especially in a clinical setting. Moreover, our results also indicated that some of the salivary IgG does not originate from serum but may be produced locally. Thus, these results provide novel insight, and a base for further research, into salivary antibody responses of horses.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2016-09-09 PubMed ID: 27692097DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.09.001Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research paper focuses on studying salivary antibodies in horses, specifically immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), to provide a better understanding of the horse’s immune defense within the oral cavity.
Objective of the Research
- The study aimed to develop assays for detecting horse IgA—specifically secretory IgA (SIgA)—and to estimate the molecular weights of various components within the horse IgA system.
- Additionally, researchers also assessed samples from 51 virile horses for total SIgA and IgG quantities in saliva, as well as the relative content of two isotypes of IgG (IgG3/5 and IgG4/7) in serum and saliva.
Findings of the Study
- The mean concentration of SIgA in horse saliva was found to be about 74μg SIgA/ml. However, the inter-individual variation in SIgA concentration was discovered to be quite large.
- The mean concentration of total IgG was approximately 20μg IgG/ml saliva, about 5 times less than that of SIgA. The variation among individuals was also found to be lower for IgG compared to SIgA.
- The study also examined the saliva-serum ratio for two IgG isotypes— IgG3/5 and IgG4/7. The ratio for IgG4/7 was observed to be, on average, around 4 times higher than that for IgG3/5.
Implications of the Research
- The significant inter-individual variation in salivary SIgA levels within the healthy horse sample group indicates the need for collecting a larger data set when conducting clinical studies.
- The researchers also suggested that some salivary IgG may not originate from serum, rather it could be produced locally. This revelation could serve as a vital basis for further studies into equine salivary antibody responses and thereby, immune defense mechanisms.
Cite This Article
APA
Palm AE, Wattle O, Lundström T, Wattrang E.
(2016).
Secretory immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G in horse saliva.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 180, 59-65.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.09.001 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Section of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: akpalm@uchicago.edu.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: ove.wattle@slu.se.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: torbjorn@djurtandvardskliniken.se.
- Section of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: eva.wattrang@sva.se.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses / immunology
- Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / analysis
- Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / isolation & purification
- Immunoglobulin G / analysis
- Immunoglobulin G / blood
- Molecular Weight
- Saliva / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Krueger K, Marr I, Dobler A, Palme R. Preservation of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites and immunoglobulin A through silica gel drying for field studies in horses. Conserv Physiol 2019;7(1):coz065.
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