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Journal of animal breeding and genetics = Zeitschrift fur Tierzuchtung und Zuchtungsbiologie2020; 138(2); 188-203; doi: 10.1111/jbg.12524

Selection in the Finnhorse, a native all-around horse breed.

Abstract: Selection by breeders modifies the morphology, behaviour and performance of domesticated species. Here, we examined signs of selection in Finnhorse, the only native horse breed in Finland. We first searched divergent genomic regions between Finnhorses and other breeds, as well as between different breeding sections of the Finnhorse with data from Illumina Equine SNP70 BeadChip, and then studied several of the detected regions in more detail. We found altogether 35 common outlier SNPs between Finnhorses and other breeds using two different selection tests. Many of the SNPs were located close to genes affecting coat colour, performance, size, sugar metabolism, immune response and olfaction. We selected genes affecting coat colour (KIT, MITF, PMEL), performance (MSTN) and locomotion (DMRT3) for a more detailed examination. In addition, we looked for, and found, associations with height at withers and SNPs located close to gene LCORL. Among the four breeding sections of Finnhorses (harness trotters, riding horses, draught horses and pony-sized horses), a single SNP located close to the DMRT3 gene was significantly differentiated and only between harness trotters and pony-sized horses.
© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics published by John Wiley - Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2020-11-23 PubMed ID: 33226152PubMed Central: PMC7894145DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12524Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explored signs of selective breeding in the Finnhorse, Finland’s only native horse breed. Researchers identified genomic differences between Finnhorse and other breeds, and within different breeding sections of the Finnhorse. Genes affecting coat color, performance, size, sugar metabolism, immune response, and scent detection were studied in more detail, revealing associations with horse height and specific genes.

Research Methodology

  • The research involved studying genomic variations in the Finnhorse breed.
  • Researchers utilized data from the Illumina Equine SNP70 BeadChip – a comprehensive genotyping tool – to identify genetic variations between Finnhorses and other breeds, as well as within different breeding divisions of the Finnhorse.

Divergences and Similarities in Genomic Regions

  • The team examined and identified signs of selection by pinpointing divergent genomic regions between Finnhorses and other breeds.
  • Altogether, the studies found 35 common outlier SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) – variances occurring at a single position in a DNA sequence – between the Finnhorse and other breeds.

Study of Specific Genes

  • Many of these identified variations were discovered to be located near genes affecting coat color, performance, body size, sugar metabolism, immune response, and olfaction (sense of smell).
  • Researchers chose to examine in greater detail genes affecting coat color (including KIT, MITF, PMEL genes), performance (the MSTN gene), and locomotion (the DMRT3 gene).

Associations Discovered

  • In addition, the researchers also looked for, and found, associations with horse height and SNPs near the LCORL gene, which is known to influence stature.
  • Interestingly, among the four breeding sections of Finnhorses (harness trotters, riding horses, draught horses, and pony-sized horses), they found that one particular SNP near the DMRT3 gene was significantly differentiated, but only between harness trotters and pony-sized horses.

In conclusion, the study shows that there’s been intentional selection and breeding within the Finnhorse breed which is visible at the genomic level, revealing distinctive genetic characteristics and variations within the breed.

Cite This Article

APA
Kvist L, Honka J, Niskanen M, Liedes O, Aspi J. (2020). Selection in the Finnhorse, a native all-around horse breed. J Anim Breed Genet, 138(2), 188-203. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12524

Publication

Journal of animal breeding and genetics = Zeitschrift fur Tierzuchtung und Zuchtungsbiologie
ISSN: 1439-0388
NlmUniqueID: 100955807
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 138
Issue: 2
Pages: 188-203

Researcher Affiliations

Kvist, Laura
  • Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Honka, Johanna
  • Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Niskanen, Markku
  • Research Unit of History, Culture and Communications, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Liedes, Oona
  • Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Aspi, Jouni
  • Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Breeding
  • Finland
  • Genome
  • Genomics
  • Horses
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Grant Funding

  • Suomen Kulttuurirahasto

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Vincelette A. The Characteristics, Distribution, Function, and Origin of Alternative Lateral Horse Gaits. Animals (Basel) 2023 Aug 8;13(16).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13162557pubmed: 37627349google scholar: lookup
  2. Herman M, Caceres AM, Albuquerque ALH, Leite RO, Araújo CET, Delfiol DJZ, Curi RA, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. DMRT3 Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil. Animals (Basel) 2023 Dec 12;13(24).
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