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Journal of clinical microbiology2005; 43(3); 1309-1317; doi: 10.1128/JCM.43.3.1309-1317.2005

Sequence analysis of the msp4 gene of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains.

Abstract: The causative agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis was recently reclassified as Anaplasma phagocytophilum, unifying previously described bacteria that cause disease in humans, horses, dogs, and ruminants. For the characterization of genetic heterogeneity in this species, the homologue of Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 4 gene (msp4) was identified, and the coding region was PCR amplified and sequenced from a variety of sources, including 50 samples from the United States, Germany, Poland, Norway, Italy, and Switzerland and 4 samples of A. phagocytophilum-like organisms obtained from white-tailed deer in the United States. Sequence variation between strains of A. phagocytophilum (90 to 100% identity at the nucleotide level and 92 to 100% similarity at the protein level) was higher than in A. marginale. Phylogenetic analyses of msp4 sequences did not provide phylogeographic information but did differentiate strains of A. phagocytophilum obtained from ruminants from those obtained from humans, dogs, and horses. The sequence analysis of the recently discovered A. phagocytophilum msp2 gene corroborated these results. The results reported here suggest that although A. phagocytophilum-like organisms from white-tailed deer may be closely related to A. phagocytophilum, they could be more diverse. These results suggest that A. phagocytophilum strains from ruminants could share some common characteristics, including reservoirs and pathogenicity, which may be different from strains that infect humans.
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Publication Date: 2005-03-08 PubMed ID: 15750101PubMed Central: PMC1081214DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.3.1309-1317.2005Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article presents an analysis of the msp4 gene sequence in strains of the bacteria Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which causes a disease known as human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. The study reveals a higher genetic variability in this species and indicates that different strains may share common characteristics such as reservoirs and disease-causing potential.

Research Aim and Methodology

  • The researchers aimed to investigate the genetic heterogeneity in the Anaplasma phagocytophilum species, a bacterium that affects various animals and humans.
  • They focused their attention on the Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 4 gene (msp4), as it plays a critical role in the bacterium’s functionality.
  • The team identified, amplified, and sequenced the msp4 gene’s coding region from a range of sources. These included 50 samples from six countries (United States, Germany, Poland, Norway, Italy, and Switzerland) and four samples of A. phagocytophilum-like organisms from white-tailed deer in the United States.

Sequence Variation and Phylogenetic Analysis

  • The produced sequences were compared to each other to assess the level of sequence variation amongst A. phagocytophilum strains.
  • They found variation levels ranging from 90 to 100% identity at the nucleotide level and 92 to 100% similarity at the protein level.
  • The sequence variation was notably higher than in A. marginale, a closely related bacterial species.
  • The scientists conducted a phylogenetic analysis of the msp4 sequences, revealing differences between A. phagocytophilum strains obtained from ruminants and those from humans, dogs, and horses.

Implications of the Study

  • The results suggest that A. phagocytophilum-like organisms from white-tailed deer may be closely related to A. phagocytophilum, but they could exhibit more diversity.
  • The msp2 gene of the recently discovered A. phagocytophilum also supported these results pretty much.
  • The researchers deduced from their findings that A. phagocytophilum strains infecting ruminants might share some common features, such as their reservoirs or their pathogenicity, that differ from those infecting humans or other animals.

It’s important to note that these findings can potentially inform strategies for disease prevention and management, given the pathogenicity of A. phagocytophilum in different hosts. More extensive and comprehensive analysis could yield further insight into the genetic diversity and characteristic distribution amongst different A. phagocytophilum strains.

Cite This Article

APA
de la Fuente J, Massung RF, Wong SJ, Chu FK, Lutz H, Meli M, von Loewenich FD, Grzeszczuk A, Torina A, Caracappa S, Mangold AJ, Naranjo V, Stuen S, Kocan KM. (2005). Sequence analysis of the msp4 gene of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains. J Clin Microbiol, 43(3), 1309-1317. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.3.1309-1317.2005

Publication

Journal of clinical microbiology
ISSN: 0095-1137
NlmUniqueID: 7505564
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 43
Issue: 3
Pages: 1309-1317

Researcher Affiliations

de la Fuente, José
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. jose_delafuente@yahoo.com
Massung, Robert F
    Wong, Susan J
      Chu, Frederick K
        Lutz, Hans
          Meli, Marina
            von Loewenich, Friederike D
              Grzeszczuk, Anna
                Torina, Alessandra
                  Caracappa, Santo
                    Mangold, Atilio J
                      Naranjo, Victoria
                        Stuen, Snorre
                          Kocan, Katherine M

                            MeSH Terms

                            • Amino Acid Sequence
                            • Anaplasma phagocytophilum / classification
                            • Anaplasma phagocytophilum / genetics
                            • Animals
                            • Bacterial Proteins / chemistry
                            • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
                            • Base Sequence
                            • Genes, Bacterial
                            • Humans
                            • Membrane Proteins / genetics
                            • Molecular Sequence Data
                            • Phylogeny

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