Seroconversion of anti-Getah virus antibody among Japanese native Noma horses around 2012.
Abstract: Getah virus (GETV), an arthropod-borne virus transmitted by mosquitoes, has been isolated from several animals. GETV infection in horses shows clinical signs such as fever, rash, and edema in the leg. Noma horses are one of the eight Japanese native horses. The present study aimed to clarify the occurrence of GETV infection in Noma horses. Serum samples collected from Noma horses were analyzed using a virus neutralization test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and showed that the anti-GETV antibody titers in the samples collected in 2017 were significantly higher than those collected in 2012. We concluded that a seroconversion of anti-GETV antibodies was occurred in the Noma horse population around 2012, providing evidence of the GETV epidemic in Japan circa 2012.
Publication Date: 2022-10-28 PubMed ID: 36310045PubMed Central: PMC9791237DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0306Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Animal Science
- Antibodies
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Prevalence
- Disease Surveillance
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Epidemiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Equine Science
- Horse Breeds
- Horses
- Infectious Disease
- Mosquito-borne Diseases
- Serology
- Seroprevalence
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
- Virology
- Virus
Summary
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This research explores how Getah virus, transmitted via mosquitoes, affects Noma horses in Japan. It found that there was a significant increase in Noma horses’ production of anti-Getah virus antibodies around 2012, suggesting an outbreak of the disease during that period.
Introduction to Getah Virus and Noma Horses
- Getah Virus (GETV) is a disease born from arthropods and transmitted by mosquitoes. Various animals can be hosts for this virus, with horses being one of them.
- Upon infection, the horses manifest clinical symptoms such as fever, a rash, and swelling in their legs.
- Noma horses, one of the eight native horse breeds in Japan, were the focus of this study. It is important to note that this breed serves as a representative of Japanese traditional horse breeds.
Purpose and Methodology of the Study
- The main aim of the research was to determine whether there was an occurrence of GETV infection among Noma horses.
- To unravel this, the researchers collected serum samples from the horses. These samples were analyzed using a virus neutralization test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)—robust methods for detecting and measuring antibodies against viruses in blood samples.
Results and Findings
- The ELISA and neutralization tests showed that the anti-GETV antibody levels in samples collected in 2017 were considerably higher than those collected in 2012.
- This significant increase in antibody titers in 2017 suggests that the horse population experienced an episode of GETV infection around 2012. This is because the horse’s immune system would have responded to the virus by producing more anti-GETV antibodies—hence the increased levels observed in the 2017 samples.
Conclusion and Implication of the Study
- The study, therefore, concludes that a seroconversion of anti-GETV antibodies occurred in the Noma horse population around 2012.
- Such seroconversion provides evidence of a GETV epidemic in Japan around 2012.
- This discovery is key for future GETV monitoring and control efforts, and it opens the way for further studies to understand the virus’s behavior, impact, and the body’s immune response to it.
Cite This Article
APA
Takeishi M, Kuwata R, Ono T, Sasaki A, Ogata M, Iwata E, Taji S, Koike M, Nemoto M, Bannai H, Isawa H, Maeda K, Morikawa S, Kitagawa H, Yoshikawa Y.
(2022).
Seroconversion of anti-Getah virus antibody among Japanese native Noma horses around 2012.
J Vet Med Sci, 84(12), 1605-1609.
https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.22-0306 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
- Toyo Livestock Hygiene Service Center Imabari Branch Office in Ehime, Ehime, Japan.
- Toyo Livestock Hygiene Service Center Imabari Branch Office in Ehime, Ehime, Japan.
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan.
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan.
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Horses
- Animals
- Alphavirus Infections / diagnosis
- Alphavirus Infections / epidemiology
- Alphavirus Infections / veterinary
- Japan / epidemiology
- Seroconversion
- Noma / veterinary
- Alphavirus
- Antibodies, Viral
- Culicidae
- Horse Diseases
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