Seroepidemiology of Sarcocystis neurona, Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. among horses in the south of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

The research article investigates the seroprevalence of three infections (Sarcocystis neurona, Toxoplasma gondii, and Neospora spp.) among horses in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The research illustrates that a significant number of horses in this region are seropositive for these infections, indicating a prevalence of chronic or subclinical infections.

Research Method

• The study was carried out from April 2012 to October 2013 using indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) to determine the seroprevalence of the infections.
• The study was conducted on 506 horses that appeared to be healthy.
• The researchers also evaluated the variables that are associated with these infections.

Research Findings

• The true prevalence among the horses was found to be S. neurona at 26%, T. gondii at 19.9% and Neospora spp. at 23.9%.
• Further, among the farms sampled, the researchers discovered a prevalence of 88.3% for S. neurona, 71.6% for T. gondii and 85% for Neospora spp.
• Looking at mixed infections, 17 horses were seropositive for both S. neurona and T. gondii, 16 for T. gondii and Neospora spp., and 14 for S. neurona and Neospora spp.

Relation with Farm Structure, Management and Health

• The researchers took into account possible associations of seropositivity with diverse variables relating to the structure of the farm, management practices and livestock health.
• The associations were analyzed using logistic regression analysis, through a method called the generalized estimating equations (GEE).

Conclusion

• The research points out that the south of Minas Gerais is an enzootic area for S. neurona, T. gondii, and Neospora spp. among horses.
• The prevalence of these infections are largely asymptomatic, denoting a prevalence of subclinical or chronic infections.