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Serologic evidence of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis in horses from central West Brazil.
Abstract: Ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by gram-negative and intracellular obligatory bacterial organisms. Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis - EGA (formerly Equine Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis, EGE) is a seasonal disease, normally self-limited in horses. There are few reports in Brazil about this ehrlichial agent, as well as its natural vectors. Nowadays, veterinarians are considering the suspicion of EGA in horses with suggestive symptoms of ehrlichiosis and which do not respond to piroplasmosis treatment. The aim of the present study was to identify horses exposed to the agent A. phagocytophilum by serological and molecular techniques. Twenty equine blood and serum samples from the central West region of Brazil were evaluated by microscopic examination of buffy coat smear, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). Additionally, the serodiagnosis of Theileria equi by IFA and ELISA were carried out, as well as molecular diagnosis by nPCR. Thirteen (65%) serum samples were positive for A. phagocytophilum by ELISA, but none of them were positive by buffy-coat smear examination or nPCR. Antibodies IgG anti-T. equi were detected in 18 (90%) and 17 (85%) horses by IFA and ELISA, respectively and the agent was detected in 9 (45%) animals by nPCR. Our data may be considered as important information to understanding the occurrence of EGA and equine piroplasmosis in central West Brazil.
Publication Date: 2010-10-15 PubMed ID: 20943015DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612010000300002Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Prevalence
- Disease Surveillance
- Disease Treatment
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Epidemiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Infectious Disease
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Public Health
- Serodiagnosis
- Serology
- Seroprevalence
- Tick-Borne Diseases
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
- Veterinary Science
- Zoonotic Diseases
Summary
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The research paper is about the identification of Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (EGA) in horses in central West Brazil, using serological and molecular techniques. The study also investigates the occurrence of this seasonal disease, caused by a type of bacteria, relative to piroplasmosis in horses.
Objective of Research
- The primary goal of the study was to identify horses that have been exposed to a bacterial agent known as A. phagocytophilum. This was done through serological and molecular techniques.
- These techniques are used to detect the presence of specific antibodies in the blood, which indicates that the horse has been exposed to the bacteria. These data helps in understanding the occurrence and prevalence of EGA.
Methods Used
- Microscopic examination of buffy coat smear, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (nPCR) were the techniques used.
- These processes were carried out on twenty blood and serum samples, taken from horses from the central West region of Brazil.
- Furthermore, the study also carried out serodiagnosis of Theileria equi (an agent that causes piroplasmosis in horses) by IFA and ELISA, as well as molecular diagnosis by nPCR.
Findings of the Study
- According to the study results, out of the twenty equine samples, thirteen (65%) were positive for A. phagocytophilum by ELISA. Yet, none of these samples were positive when buffy-coat smear examination or nPCR techniques were used.
- The antibodies IgG anti-T. equi were detected in eighteen (90%) horses by IFA and seventeen (85%) horses by ELISA. Moreover, the agent that causes piroplasmosis was detected in nine (45%) horses by using the nPCR technique.
Relevance of the Study
- The research provides significant insights to veterinarians and scientists about the occurrence of EGA and equine piroplasmosis in central West Brazil.
- Understanding the prevalence of these diseases can lead to more effective treatments and preventative measures, resulting in improved equine health in this region.
Cite This Article
APA
Salvagni CA, Dagnone AS, Gomes TS, Mota JS, Andrade GM, Baldani CD, Machado RZ.
(2010).
Serologic evidence of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis in horses from central West Brazil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet, 19(3), 135-140.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612010000300002 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, FCAV/UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP.
MeSH Terms
- Anaplasma / immunology
- Anaplasmosis / blood
- Anaplasmosis / diagnosis
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
- Brazil
- Granulocytes
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horses
- Serologic Tests
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Meireles GR, Lignon JS, Dallmann PRJ, Lima DD, Dos Santos TS, Brancão TC, Souza MP, Urtassum BC, Martins KR, Cunha RC, Bruhn FRP, Pappen FG, Pinto DM. First molecular detection Anaplasma phagocytophilum in sheep in Brazil. Vet Res Commun 2025 Oct 22;49(6):363.
- Bogdan AM, Mitrea IL, Ionita M. Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Clinico-Pathological Findings, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Management. Vet Sci 2024 Jun 13;11(6).
- Gehlen H, Inerle K, Bartel A, Stöckle SD, Ulrich S, Briese B, Straubinger RK. Seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infections in German Horses. Animals (Basel) 2023 Jun 14;13(12).
- Campos JBV, Martins FS, de Oliveira CE, Taveira AA, Oliveira JR, Gonçalves LR, Cordeiro MD, Calchi AC, de Campos Binder L, Serpa MCA, Barbieri ARM, Labruna MB, Machado RZ, de Andrade GB, André MR, Herrera HM. Tick-borne zoonotic agents infecting horses from an urban area in Midwestern Brazil: epidemiological and hematological features. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021 Sep 22;53(5):475.
- Costa SCL, de Souza Freitas J, Carvalho FS, Pereira MJS, Cordeiro MD, da Fonseca AH, Gomes Jusi MM, Machado RZ, Munhoz AD. Frequency and factors associated of potential zoonotic pathogens (Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., Leishmania spp., and Anaplasma phagocytophilum) in equids in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2021 May 22;14(1):275.
- Dos Santos TM, Roier ECR, Pires MS, Santos HA, Vilela JAR, Peckle M, Paulino PG, Baldani CD, Massard CL. Molecular evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Theileria equi coinfection in horses from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Vet Anim Sci 2019 Jun;7:100055.
- Vieira RF, Vieira TS, Nascimento Ddo A, Martins TF, Krawczak FS, Labruna MB, Chandrashekar R, Marcondes M, Biondo AW, Vidotto O. Serological survey of Ehrlichia species in dogs, horses and humans: zoonotic scenery in a rural settlement from southern Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2013 Sep-Oct;55(5):335-40.
- M'ghirbi Y, Yaïch H, Ghorbel A, Bouattour A. Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses and ticks in Tunisia. Parasit Vectors 2012 Aug 30;5:180.
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