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BMC veterinary research2017; 13(1); 316; doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1226-x

Serological evidence of equine arteritis virus infection and phylogenetic analysis of viral isolates in semen of stallions from Serbia.

Abstract: Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is responsible for infections in equids. It can spread easily within the horse population and has a major impact on the horse breeding industry. No EAV outbreak has ever been reported in Serbia. To determine whether EAV is nonetheless circulating there, especially in the Vojvodina region, 340 horse serum samples were subjected to serology testing to detect EAV antibodies. In parallel, semen samples from three seropositive stallions were collected to evaluate their EAV status, using RT-qPCR and virus isolation on cell culture. Results: Horse sera with EAV antibodies represented 15.88% (54/340) of the tested samples, 83.23% (283/340) being negative, and just three samples (0.89%) being uninterpretable due to cytotoxicity. Only 7.2% (10/138) of horses kept by private owners on their own property were seropositive for EAV, whereas 21.8% (44/202) of horses kept on stud farms had EAV antibodies. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Serbian EAV isolate was most closely related to isolates from the neighbouring Hungary. Conclusions: EAV is circulating in the Serbian horse population, especially among the breeding population certainly due to the use of EAV shedder stallions since there is no surveillance programme in Serbia and only limited checks on racehorses. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis indicates that the EAV isolated from a Lipizzaner stallion in Serbia is closely related to isolates from Hungary, and together form a new cluster.
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Publication Date: 2017-11-07 PubMed ID: 29115996PubMed Central: PMC5678800DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1226-xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research paper investigates the presence of Equine arteritis virus (EAV), a disease-causing virus in the horse family, in the region of Serbia. It was discovered that EAV is circulating in the horse population, especially on breeding farms, and the Serbian isolate is closely related to isolates from Hungary.

Research Context and Approach

  • The researchers sought to understand the presence of Equine arteritis virus (EAV) in Serbia, a country where the virus has not previously been reported.
  • The investigation was particularly concentrated in the Vojvodina region.
  • For the serological tests, 340 horse serum samples were collected and observed for the presence of EAV antibodies. This would indicate whether there had been an infection of EAV even if the horse was currently not sick.
  • The team also collected semen samples from three stallions that tested positive for EAV antibodies. The semen samples were thence checked for active EAV infection by performing a type of polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and a virus-specific cell culture test.

Research Findings and Conclusion

  • Out of the 340 tested samples, 54 showed EAV antibodies, indicating that EAV is indeed circulating in the Serbian horse population.
  • The researchers found that horses kept on breeding farms were more likely to harbour EAV antibodies than those kept privately, likely due to the use of EAV shedder stallions in breeding programs.
  • Further investigation into the genetic relationship of the virus, through phylogenetic analysis, revealed that the Serbian EAV isolates were closely related to those from Hungary. This suggests cross-border spread and possible common causes or sources of infection.
  • The discovery of EAV in Serbian horses has direct implications for regional breeding operations and calls for greater surveillance and checks on racehorses.
  • Closer genetic analysis suggests a ‘new cluster’ of EAV strain shared between the Serbian and Hungarian isolates, contributing new insights into the evolution and patterns of EAV proliferation.

Cite This Article

APA
Lazić S, Lupulović D, Gaudaire D, Petrovic T, Lazić G, Hans A. (2017). Serological evidence of equine arteritis virus infection and phylogenetic analysis of viral isolates in semen of stallions from Serbia. BMC Vet Res, 13(1), 316. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-017-1226-x

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 316

Researcher Affiliations

Lazić, Sava
  • Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Novi Sad, Serbia.
Lupulović, Diana
  • Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Novi Sad, Serbia.
Gaudaire, Delphine
  • ANSES, Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Virology Unit, Dozulé, France.
Petrovic, Tamas
  • Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Novi Sad, Serbia.
Lazić, Gospava
  • Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Novi Sad, Serbia.
Hans, Aymeric
  • ANSES, Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Virology Unit, Dozulé, France. aymeric.hans@anses.fr.

MeSH Terms

  • Animal Husbandry
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Arterivirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Arterivirus Infections / veterinary
  • Equartevirus / genetics
  • Equartevirus / isolation & purification
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Phylogeny
  • Semen / virology
  • Serbia / epidemiology
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies

Conflict of Interest Statement

ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: This study was approved by the Veterinary Directorate of the Republic of Serbia. Oral and written consent was obtained from the owners of the horses sampled in this study. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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