FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Epidemiol Infect / Serological investigations on West Nile virus in birds and h...
Epidemiology and infection2012; 141(3); 596-600; doi: 10.1017/S0950268812001094

Serological investigations on West Nile virus in birds and horses in Shanghai, China.

Abstract: West Nile virus (WNV) infection is an emerging zoonosis that threatens global public health. In this study, a total of 95 bird serum samples from 14 species and 341 horse serum samples were collected from 2008 to 2010 in Shanghai, China. All serum samples were screened initially for WNV-reactive antibodies using a competitive ELISA. The positive samples detected by ELISA were further confirmed using a plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for WNV and its most closely related flaviviruses in the area to avoid false positives due to cross-reactivity. Five (5·3%) of the bird serum samples and none (0·0%) of the horse serum samples tested positive for WNV antibodies. The findings strongly suggest that some of the birds, specifically the resident birds in China, had been exposed to WNV.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2012-06-01 PubMed ID: 22651924PubMed Central: PMC9151829DOI: 10.1017/S0950268812001094Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper explores the presence of West Nile Virus (WNV) in birds and horses in Shanghai, China through a series of tests on collected serum samples. The study discovered WNV antibodies in some bird species but none in horses.

Research Methodology

  • The researchers embarked on their study between 2008 and 2010 in Shanghai, China.
  • A total of 95 bird serum samples from 14 different species and 341 horse serum samples were collected for the study.
  • All these samples were then screened for antibodies reactive to WNV through a competitive ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay).

Testing for WNV

  • The samples that showed positive in the ELISA test were further examined through a plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for WNV and flaviviruses closely related to it in the area.
  • This secondary test was meant to avoid incidence of false positives which might arise due to cross-reactivity.

Results

  • Out of all the tested bird samples, 5 (which equates to 5.3%) tested positive for WNV antibodies.
  • On the other hand, none (0.0 %) of the samples collected from horses tested positive for WNV antibodies.
  • This result led researchers to conclude that some birds, particularly the resident birds in China, had been exposed to WNV.

This research highlights the need for continuous surveillance and examination of the presence of zoonoses like WNV, especially in areas where the fauna might be vulnerable to these diseases. It further emphasizes the necessity of interventions aimed at controlling and preventing the spread of such diseases.

Cite This Article

APA
Lan DL, Wang CS, Deng B, Zhou JP, Cui L, Tang C, Yue H, Hua XG. (2012). Serological investigations on West Nile virus in birds and horses in Shanghai, China. Epidemiol Infect, 141(3), 596-600. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268812001094

Publication

Epidemiology and infection
ISSN: 1469-4409
NlmUniqueID: 8703737
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 141
Issue: 3
Pages: 596-600

Researcher Affiliations

Lan, D L
  • Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Wang, C S
  • Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Deng, B
  • Shanghai Animal Disease Control Centre, Shanghai, China.
Zhou, J P
  • Shanghai Animal Disease Control Centre, Shanghai, China.
Cui, L
  • Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Tang, C
  • College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationality, Chengdu, China.
Yue, H
  • College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationality, Chengdu, China.
Hua, X G
  • Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Bird Diseases / blood
  • Bird Diseases / epidemiology
  • Birds
  • China / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horses
  • Prevalence
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • West Nile Fever / blood
  • West Nile Fever / epidemiology
  • West Nile virus / immunology
  • West Nile virus / isolation & purification

References

This article includes 16 references
  1. Petersen LR, Roehrig JT. West Nile virus: a reemerging global pathogen.. Emerg Infect Dis 2001 Jul-Aug;7(4):611-4.
    pmc: PMC2631751pubmed: 11585520doi: 10.3201/eid0704.010401google scholar: lookup
  2. Lanciotti RS, Roehrig JT, Deubel V, Smith J, Parker M, Steele K, Crise B, Volpe KE, Crabtree MB, Scherret JH, Hall RA, MacKenzie JS, Cropp CB, Panigrahy B, Ostlund E, Schmitt B, Malkinson M, Banet C, Weissman J, Komar N, Savage HM, Stone W, McNamara T, Gubler DJ. Origin of the West Nile virus responsible for an outbreak of encephalitis in the northeastern United States.. Science 1999 Dec 17;286(5448):2333-7.
    pubmed: 10600742doi: 10.1126/science.286.5448.2333google scholar: lookup
  3. Studdert MJ. West Nile virus finds a new ecological niche in Queens, New York.. Aust Vet J 2000 Jun;78(6):400-1.
    pubmed: 10920778doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2000.tb11826.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  4. Kile JC, Panella NA, Komar N, Chow CC, MacNeil A, Robbins B, Bunning ML. Serologic survey of cats and dogs during an epidemic of West Nile virus infection in humans.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005 Apr 15;226(8):1349-53.
    pubmed: 15844427doi: 10.2460/javma.2005.226.1349google scholar: lookup
  5. Dauphin G, Zientara S. West Nile virus: recent trends in diagnosis and vaccine development.. Vaccine 2007 Jul 26;25(30):5563-76.
    pubmed: 17292514doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.12.005google scholar: lookup
  6. Barros SC, Ramos F, Fagulha T, Duarte M, Henriques M, Luís T, Fevereiro M. Serological evidence of West Nile virus circulation in Portugal.. Vet Microbiol 2011 Sep 28;152(3-4):407-10.
    pubmed: 21680115doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.013google scholar: lookup
  7. Yeh JY, Park JY, Ostlund EN. Serologic evidence of West Nile Virus in wild ducks captured in major inland resting sites for migratory waterfowl in South Korea.. Vet Microbiol 2011 Dec 29;154(1-2):96-103.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.06.030pubmed: 21767922google scholar: lookup
  8. Bunning ML, Bowen RA, Cropp CB, Sullivan KG, Davis BS, Komar N, Godsey MS, Baker D, Hettler DL, Holmes DA, Biggerstaff BJ, Mitchell CJ. Experimental infection of horses with West Nile virus.. Emerg Infect Dis 2002 Apr;8(4):380-6.
    pmc: PMC3393377pubmed: 11971771doi: 10.3201/eid0804.010239google scholar: lookup
  9. Lupulovic D, Martín-Acebes MA, Lazic S, Alonso-Padilla J, Blázquez AB, Escribano-Romero E, Petrovic T, Saiz JC. First serological evidence of West Nile virus activity in horses in Serbia.. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2011 Sep;11(9):1303-5.
    pubmed: 21438694doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0249google scholar: lookup
  10. Komar N, Panella NA, Boyce E. Exposure of domestic mammals to West Nile virus during an outbreak of human encephalitis, New York City, 1999.. Emerg Infect Dis 2001 Jul-Aug;7(4):736-8.
    pmc: PMC2631764pubmed: 11585540doi: 10.3201/eid0704.010424google scholar: lookup
  11. Murata R, Hashiguchi K, Yoshii K, Kariwa H, Nakajima K, Ivanov LI, Leonova GN, Takashima I. Seroprevalence of West Nile virus in wild birds in far eastern Russia using a focus reduction neutralization test.. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011 Mar;84(3):461-5.
    pmc: PMC3042825pubmed: 21363987doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.09-0714google scholar: lookup
  12. Gao Y. Wetlands of Shanghai. Journal of Science 2006; 58: 48–51.
  13. Ma Z. Shorebirds in the eastern intertidal areas of Chongming island during the 2001 northern migration. Stilt 2002; 41: 6–10.
  14. Zhang W, Shen Q, Mou J, Yang ZB, Yuan CL, Cui L, Zhu JG, Hua XG, Xu CM, Hu J. Cross-species infection of hepatitis E virus in a zoo-like location, including birds.. Epidemiol Infect 2008 Aug;136(8):1020-6.
    pmc: PMC2870903pubmed: 17961279doi: 10.1017/s095026880700965xgoogle scholar: lookup
  15. Su J, Li S, Hu X, Yu X, Wang Y, Liu P, Lu X, Zhang G, Hu X, Liu D, Li X, Su W, Lu H, Mok NS, Wang P, Wang M, Tian K, Gao GF. Duck egg-drop syndrome caused by BYD virus, a new Tembusu-related flavivirus.. PLoS One 2011 Mar 24;6(3):e18106.
    pmc: PMC3063797pubmed: 21455312doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018106google scholar: lookup
  16. Jiang SF, Zhang YM, Guo XX, Dong YD, Xing D, Xue RD, Zhao TY. Experimental studies on comparison of the potential vector competence of four species of Culex mosquitoes in China to transmit West Nile virus.. J Med Entomol 2010 Sep;47(5):788-90.
    pubmed: 20939372doi: 10.1603/me08292google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
  1. Saiz JC, Martín-Acebes MA, Blázquez AB, Escribano-Romero E, Poderoso T, Jiménez de Oya N. Pathogenicity and virulence of West Nile virus revisited eight decades after its first isolation. Virulence 2021 Dec;12(1):1145-1173.
    doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1908740pubmed: 33843445google scholar: lookup
  2. Chancey C, Grinev A, Volkova E, Rios M. The global ecology and epidemiology of West Nile virus. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:376230.
    doi: 10.1155/2015/376230pubmed: 25866777google scholar: lookup
  3. Zohaib A, Saqib M, Beck C, Hussain MH, Lowenski S, Lecollinet S, Sial A, Asi MN, Mansoor MK, Saqalein M, Sajid MS, Ashfaq K, Muhammad G, Cao S. High prevalence of West Nile virus in equines from the two provinces of Pakistan. Epidemiol Infect 2015 Jul;143(9):1931-5.
    doi: 10.1017/S0950268814002878pubmed: 25358382google scholar: lookup
  4. Zhang Y, Zheng J, Zhang H, Lin Y, Wang Y, Ma Z, Wei J, Zhou B, Zhong D. Molecular and Serological Surveillance of Mosquito-Borne Viruses in Racehorses or Mosquitoes From Horse Farms in Shanghai, China, 2022. Transbound Emerg Dis 2025;2025:6131435.
    doi: 10.1155/tbed/6131435pubmed: 41185879google scholar: lookup
  5. Rusenova N, Rusenov A. First Serologic Evidence of West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Circulation Among Dogs in the Bulgarian Danube Region and Analysis of Some Risk Factors. Vet Sci 2025 Apr 16;12(4).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci12040373pubmed: 40284875google scholar: lookup
  6. Naveed A, Eertink LG, Wang D, Li F. Lessons Learned from West Nile Virus Infection:Vaccinations in Equines and Their Implications for One Health Approaches. Viruses 2024 May 14;16(5).
    doi: 10.3390/v16050781pubmed: 38793662google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,107 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.