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Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases2020; 71; 101473; doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101473

Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of West Nile Virus in Egypt.

Abstract: West Nile Virus (WNV) is a flavivirus, mosquito-borne infection and have public health importance worldwide. WNV infection have highly significant impact on animal and human health. The virus has been detected serologically in Egypt among equids. Therefore, the aim of the present study to investigate the serological situation of WNV among horse in north of Egypt and identification of WNV in vector. The serological survey was conducted on 500 serum samples that collected from horses from four governorates at north of Egypt. The infection rate was non-significant differed between four localities and the highest rate was reported in Qalyubia governorate (25.5 %) in comparison with other areas. Moreover, the WNV RNA was detected in mosquitoes and the obtained WNV sequence showed high similarity with Eg101 strain and characterized as lineage 1. The obtained findings confirm the circulation of WNV in mosquitoes and animals in Egypt.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2020-03-24 PubMed ID: 32289595DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101473Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research conducts a serological examination of the West Nile Virus (WNV) in horses in the northern regions of Egypt, also identifying the virus in mosquito vectors, with findings confirming its circulation among this population.

Objective of the Study

  • The main objective of the study was to understand the serological situation of the West Nile Virus amongst horses in the northern region of Egypt. It also aimed to identify the presence of WNV within mosquito vectors in the area.

Research Methodology

  • A serological survey was undertaken on 500 serum samples. These samples were collected from horses spread across four governorates in Northern Egypt: Alexandria, Beheira, Qalyubia, and Gharbia.
  • The study then compared the infection rates across the four areas, identifying the highest rate of infection in the Qalyubia governorate.
  • The researchers further detected the presence of WNV’s genetic material (RNA) in mosquitoes within the region.

Key Findings

  • Infection rate differences across the four localities were non-significant. That is, the rate of infection was generally consistent across the tested regions in North Egypt.
  • However, the greatest rate of infection was found in Qalyubia governorate with a prevalence of 25.5% when compared to other areas. This implies that roughly a quarter of the horses tested in this region carried WNV.
  • Furthermore, through molecular analysis, WNV RNA was successfully identified in mosquitoes in the region, thereby confirming them as primary vector hosts.
  • The molecular characterization of the detected WNV revealed high similarities with the Eg101 strain and was categorized as lineage 1. It means the WNV found was similar to a notable strain known as Eg101 and belongs to a specific classification (lineage 1).
  • Finally, these results confirm the circulation of WNV among mosquitoes and equine population in the region, emphasizing its potential threat to animal and human health.

Cite This Article

APA
Selim A, Radwan A, Arnaout F. (2020). Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of West Nile Virus in Egypt. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis, 71, 101473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101473

Publication

Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases
ISSN: 1878-1667
NlmUniqueID: 7808924
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 71
Pages: 101473
PII: S0147-9571(20)30062-X

Researcher Affiliations

Selim, Abdelfattah
  • Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt. Electronic address: Abdelfattah.selim@fvtm.bu.edu.eg.
Radwan, Ahmed
  • Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
Arnaout, Faysal
  • Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.

Conflict of Interest Statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Citations

This article has been cited 26 times.
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  4. Selim A, Alsubki RA, Albohairy FM, Attia KA, Kimiko I. A survey of bluetongue infection in one-humped camels (Camelus Dromedarius); seroprevalence and risk factors analysis. BMC Vet Res 2022 Aug 22;18(1):322.
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  14. Saad AAA, Murshid MA, Hussein MM, Zahmol TA, Abdulsalam NAI, Saad EIF, Elwaer ON, Ismaeil EM, Jbeel AJ. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the lumpy skin disease virus isolated in Al-Zawiya, Western Libya. Open Vet J 2025;15(7):3044-3053.
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    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-11550-5pubmed: 40715288google scholar: lookup
  16. Selim A, Marzok M, Gattan HS, Hereba AM. A serological study and risk factors associated with Akabane virus infection in cattle in Egypt. Sci Rep 2025 Jun 23;15(1):20245.
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  17. Hassan MR, Abdullah HHAM, Abdel-Shafy S, El-Maadawy RS, Abd El-Gawad SM, Khater H. Molecular epidemiology of bovine theileriosis and genetic diversity of Theileria annulata in three governorates of Egypt. J Parasit Dis 2024 Sep;48(3):525-536.
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  18. Li L, Li S, Ma H, Akhtar MF, Tan Y, Wang T, Liu W, Khan A, Khan MZ, Wang C. An Overview of Infectious and Non-Infectious Causes of Pregnancy Losses in Equine. Animals (Basel) 2024 Jul 2;14(13).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14131961pubmed: 38998073google scholar: lookup
  19. Radwan IT, Khater HF, Mohammed SH, Khalil A, Farghali MA, Mahmoud MG, Selim A, Manaa EA, Bagato N, Baz MM. Synthesis of eco-friendly layered double hydroxide and nanoemulsion for jasmine and peppermint oils and their larvicidal activities against Culex pipiens Linnaeus. Sci Rep 2024 Mar 22;14(1):6884.
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  21. Alshammari A, Marzok M, Gattan HS, Salem M, Al-Jabr OA, Selim A. Serosurvey and associated risk factors for Neospora caninum infection in Egyptian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Sci Rep 2023 Dec 21;13(1):22788.
    doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50087-3pubmed: 38123811google scholar: lookup
  22. Marzok M, Alkashif K, Kandeel M, Salem M, Sayed-Ahmed MZ, Selim A. Seroprevalence of Rift Valley Fever virus in one-humped camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Egypt. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023 Oct 4;55(5):345.
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  23. Karimi S, Nasiri V, Jameie F, Shemshadi B, Paykari H. Molecular detection and phylogenic characterization of Neospora caninum in naturally infected sheep in Alborz and Qazvin provinces, the north of the central region of Iran. Parasitol Res 2023 Dec;122(12):2907-2915.
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  25. Baz MM, Selim A, Radwan IT, Alkhaibari AM, Khater HF. Larvicidal and adulticidal effects of some Egyptian oils against Culex pipiens. Sci Rep 2022 Mar 15;12(1):4406.
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  26. Alnahass MG, Selim AM, El-Diasty M, El-Sebaey AM, Elbaz E. Epidemiological, haematological-biochemical, and molecular investigations of bovine theileriosis with therapeutic evaluation of buparvaquone with silymarin in Dakahlia and Damietta governorates, Egypt. Vet Res Commun 2026 Mar 13;50(3).
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