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Home / Equine Research Bank / Biomed Res Int / Seroprevalence of St. Louis encephalitis virus and West Nile...
BioMed research international2013; 2013; 582957; doi: 10.1155/2013/582957

Seroprevalence of St. Louis encephalitis virus and West Nile virus (Flavivirus, Flaviviridae) in horses, Uruguay.

Abstract: St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) belong to the Japanese encephalitis antigenic complex (Flavivirus genus, Flaviviridae family). They show antigenic close relationships and share many similarities in their ecology. Both are responsible for serious human diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of neutralizing antibodies to these viruses in horses from Uruguay. To do this, 425 horse sera were collected in 2007 and analyzed by plaque reduction neutralization tests. As a result, 205 sera (48.2%) were found positive for SLEV, with titers ranging between 10 and 80. Two sera remained inconclusive, since they showed low titers to WNV and SLEV (10 and 20), not allowing us to demonstrate activity of WNV in our territory. This is the first report of circulation of SLEV in horses in Uruguay.
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Publication Date: 2013-12-29 PubMed ID: 24490165PubMed Central: PMC3891745DOI: 10.1155/2013/582957Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study investigated the presence of two serious human disease-causing viruses, St. Louis encephalitis virus and West Nile virus, in horses from Uruguay. The study found that 48.2% of the tested horse sera were positive for St. Louis encephalitis virus, but evidence of West Nile virus was less conclusive.

Research Overview

  • This research focused on two viruses: the St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and the West Nile virus (WNV). Both of these belong to the Japanese encephalitis antigenic complex, which comes under the Flavivirus genus and the Flaviviridae family. They show strong antigenic relationships and have similar ecologies.
  • Both SLEV and WNV are known to cause serious diseases in humans. These viruses’ ecology and the diseases they cause formed the basis for the study.
  • The primary aim of this research was to determine the presence of these two viruses in horses in Uruguay by detecting neutralizing antibodies to these viruses.

Methodology and Findings

  • The researchers collected and analyzed 425 horse sera (the clear part of the blood) from horses in Uruguay in 2007. The sera were tested using an assay method known as the plaque reduction neutralization test, which measures the level of neutralizing antibodies to viruses.
  • The findings showed that 205 of the tested sera, equating to 48.2%, were positive for SLEV, with titers (concentrations of antibodies) varying between 10 and 80. These results indicate a clear presence of the SLEV in horses in the region.
  • The test results for WNV were less clear. Only two sera showed low titers to WNV and SLEV (10 and 20), which made it difficult to conclusively determine the presence of WNV in the horse population within the country.

Conclusion

  • This research study importantly highlights the first reported circulation of SLEV in horses in Uruguay. The findings significantly contribute to the understanding of the distribution and prevalence of these viruses. However, the presence of WNV could not be conclusively determined based on the test results. Thus, further investigations would be necessary to accurately determine the activity of WNV in the region.

Cite This Article

APA
Burgueño A, Spinsanti L, Díaz LA, Rivarola ME, Arbiza J, Contigiani M, Delfraro A. (2013). Seroprevalence of St. Louis encephalitis virus and West Nile virus (Flavivirus, Flaviviridae) in horses, Uruguay. Biomed Res Int, 2013, 582957. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/582957

Publication

BioMed research international
ISSN: 2314-6141
NlmUniqueID: 101600173
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2013
Pages: 582957
PII: 582957

Researcher Affiliations

Burgueño, Analía
  • Sección Virología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
Spinsanti, Lorena
  • Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología Dr. J. M. Vanella, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina.
Díaz, Luis Adrián
  • Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología Dr. J. M. Vanella, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina ; Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas CONICET-FCEFyN, UNC, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina.
Rivarola, María Elisa
  • Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología Dr. J. M. Vanella, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina.
Arbiza, Juan
  • Sección Virología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
Contigiani, Marta
  • Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología Dr. J. M. Vanella, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina.
Delfraro, Adriana
  • Sección Virología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens, Viral / genetics
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • Antigens, Viral / isolation & purification
  • Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis / genetics
  • Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis / isolation & purification
  • Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis / pathogenicity
  • Horses / immunology
  • Horses / virology
  • Humans
  • Uruguay
  • West Nile virus / genetics
  • West Nile virus / isolation & purification
  • West Nile virus / pathogenicity

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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