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Serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and ferritin in horses with colic: Association with common clinicopathological variables and short-term outcome.
Abstract: Equine colic may be associated with an acute phase response (APR). Measurement of acute phase proteins (APPs) allows the detection of an APR and may help clinicians in monitoring the disease; however, the role of APPs in colic is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin and ferritin in combination with an extended clinicopathological profile in equine colic. The medical records of 54 horses were retrospectively selected. Horses were grouped based on outcome (survivors vs. non-survivors), diagnosis (ischaemic/strangulating vs. non-ischaemic/non-strangulating), and treatment (medical treatment vs. surgery). Laboratory data were compared, and a logistic regression analysis was performed for outcome prediction upon admission. A high percentage of horses had abnormal SAA (29/54), haptoglobin (20/54), and ferritin (31/54) concentrations. In particular, haptoglobin was below the reference interval in 13/54 horses. Non-survivors had significantly decreased haptoglobin and increased ferritin concentrations compared with survivors. The ischaemic/strangulating group had significantly increased creatinine and ferritin and decreased haptoglobin concentrations compared with the non-ischaemic/non-strangulating group. Creatinine was the only significant predictor of mortality in the regression analysis. In conclusion, APPs including SAA, haptoglobin, and ferritin combined with clinicopathological variables may help clinicians to understand the pathogenesis of APR and underline potential complications of equine colic. The reduction in haptoglobin concentration may suggest haemolysis or muscle fibre damage; ferritin may indicate alteration in iron metabolism and tissue damage. Further prospective studies are needed to assess diagnostic and prognostic values of APPs in colic horses.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2015-03-19 PubMed ID: 25981935DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.03.015Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research analyzes the relation between the levels of certain acute phase proteins (serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and ferritin) and the outcome of colic in horses, by examining medical records of 54 horses and studying the correlation of these proteins with various clinical and pathological aspects of equine colic.
Study Methodology
- The research revolved around the analysis of medical records of 54 horses affected by colic.
- Horses were divided into groups based on various factors: the outcome (horses that survived versus those that didn’t), diagnosis (ischaemic/strangulating versus non-ischaemic/non-strangulating), and treatment received (medical vs surgical).
- The study compared laboratory data across these groups, and a logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict outcomes based on admission.
Study Findings
- The study found abnormal concentrations of serum amyloid A (in 29 out of 54 horses), haptoglobin (in 20 out of 54), and ferritin (in 31 out of 54).
- Haptoglobin was found to be below the reference interval in 13 horses out of 54.
- Non-surviving horses displayed markedly decreased levels of haptoglobin and increased levels of ferritin compared to the survivors.
- The group with ischaemic/strangulating colic showed elevated levels of creatinine and ferritin, and a drop in haptoglobin compared to the non-ischaemic/non-strangulating group.
- The only significant predictor of mortality in the analysis was creatinine.
Study Conclusion and Implications
- The researchers concluded that the evaluation of the acute phase proteins along with clinicopathological variables could assist clinicians in understanding the pathogenesis of the acute phase response and foresee potential complications of equine colic.
- The decrease in haptoglobin levels could point to haemolysis or muscle fibre damage, while the increase in ferritin might indicate an alteration in iron metabolism and tissue injury.
- The study highlights the need for further research to understand the diagnostic and prognostic value of acute phase proteins in horses with colic.
Cite This Article
APA
Dondi F, Lukacs RM, Gentilini F, Rinnovati R, Spadari A, Romagnoli N.
(2015).
Serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and ferritin in horses with colic: Association with common clinicopathological variables and short-term outcome.
Vet J, 205(1), 50-55.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.03.015 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy. Electronic address: f.dondi@unibo.it.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy.
MeSH Terms
- Acute-Phase Proteins / metabolism
- Acute-Phase Reaction / veterinary
- Animals
- Colic / blood
- Colic / physiopathology
- Colic / veterinary
- Female
- Ferritins / blood
- Haptoglobins / metabolism
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horses
- Male
- Retrospective Studies
- Serum Amyloid A Protein / metabolism
- Treatment Outcome
Citations
This article has been cited 14 times.- Bayless RL, Cooper BL, Sheats MK. Extracted Plasma Cell-Free DNA Concentrations Are Elevated in Colic Patients with Systemic Inflammation. Vet Sci 2024 Sep 12;11(9).
- Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil F, Ali H. Changes in the hematobiochemical, acid-base and blood gas elements as well as biomarkers of inflammation and bone metabolism in donkeys (Equus asinus) with acute bleeding. Open Vet J 2024 May;14(5):1146-1153.
- van Galen G, Divers TJ, Savage V, Schott HC 2nd, Siwinska N. ECEIM consensus statement on equine kidney disease. J Vet Intern Med 2024 Jul-Aug;38(4):2008-2025.
- Rivolta AA, Bujold AR, Wilmarth PA, Phinney BS, Navelski JP, Horohov DW, Sanz MG. Comparison of the broncoalveolar lavage fluid proteomics between foals and adult horses. PLoS One 2023;18(9):e0290778.
- Ludwig EK, Hobbs KJ, McKinney-Aguirre CA, Gonzalez LM. Biomarkers of Intestinal Injury in Colic. Animals (Basel) 2023 Jan 7;13(2).
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- Perez-Ecija A, Buzon-Cuevas A, Aguilera-Aguilera R, Gonzalez-De Cara C, Mendoza Garcia FJ. Reference intervals of acute phase proteins in healthy Andalusian donkeys and response to experimentally induced endotoxemia. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Jan;35(1):580-589.
- Lambertini C, Zannoni A, Romagnoli N, Bombardi C, Morini M, Dondi F, Bernardini C, Forni M, Rinnovati R, Spadari A. Expression of Proteinase-Activated Receptor 2 During Colon Volvulus in the Horse. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:589367.
- Lambertini C, Bombardi C, Zannoni A, Bernardini C, Dondi F, Morini M, Rinnovati R, Spadari A, Romagnoli N. Proteinase Activated Receptor 4 in the Jejunum of Healthy Horses and of Horses With Epiploic Hernia. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:158.
- Long A, Nolen-Walston R. Equine Inflammatory Markers in the Twenty-First Century: A Focus on Serum Amyloid A. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2020 Apr;36(1):147-160.
- Cerón JJ. Acute phase proteins, saliva and education in laboratory science: an update and some reflections. BMC Vet Res 2019 Jun 12;15(1):197.
- Witkowska-Piłaszewicz OD, Żmigrodzka M, Winnicka A, Miśkiewicz A, Strzelec K, Cywińska A. Serum amyloid A in equine health and disease. Equine Vet J 2019 May;51(3):293-298.
- Contreras-Aguilar MD, Escribano D, Martín-Cuervo M, Tecles F, Cerón JJ. Salivary alpha-amylase activity and cortisol in horses with acute abdominal disease: a pilot study. BMC Vet Res 2018 May 10;14(1):156.
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