Serum Surfactant Protein D and Haptoglobin as Potential Biomarkers for Inflammatory Airway Disease in Horses.
Abstract: The identification of serum biomarkers of lung inflammation would facilitate the diagnosis of inflammatory airway disease (IAD) in horses. Objective: Horses with IAD have higher serum concentrations of markers of inflammation compared to controls. Methods: Twelve horses with IAD and 10 control horses. Methods: This was a prospective case-control study. Blood and BALF were collected from horses with IAD and controls. Serum concentration of surfactant protein D (SP-D), haptoglobin, serum amyloid A (SAA) and of the soluble form of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1) was measured using commercial ELISA tests. Results: Horses with IAD had higher serum concentration (log-transformed values) of SP-D (mean ± SD: 1.773 ± 0.51), haptoglobin (6.657 ± 0.202) and SAA (0.128 ± 0.396) compared to controls (0.942 ± 0.226, 6.38 ± 0.22, -0.398 ± 0.319, respectively; P < .01 for all). Furthermore, the concentrations of SP-D and haptoglobin combined allowed differentiating the 2 groups (IAD: 8.43 ± 0.564, controls: 7.322 ± 0.249, P < .0001) with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% when a cut-off of 7.70 (log value) was employed. Conclusions: Surfactant protein D and haptoglobin serum concentrations could be a diagnostic aid in IAD. Further studies are necessary to establish the specificity of our findings before they can be applied in everyday practice.
Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
Publication Date: 2015-08-19 PubMed ID: 26289543PubMed Central: PMC4895656DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13602Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research aims to identify serum biomarkers in horses that can help in diagnosing inflammatory airway disease (IAD). Surfactant protein D and haptoglobin were observed to have significantly higher concentrations in horses with IAD compared to the control group, suggesting that these could serve as potential biomarkers for IAD in horses.
Objective and Methods
- The main objective of this research was to bring forth easier methods for diagnosing inflammatory airway disease (IAD) in horses.
- It was a prospective case-control study, meaning the subjects were divided into two groups: control and test. The test group consisted of horses already diagnosed with IAD, whereas the control group didn’t show any signs of IAD.
- Both blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected from horses in both groups for testing the levels of markers of inflammation.
- Commercial Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests were used to measure serum concentrations of surfactant protein D (SP-D), haptoglobin, serum amyloid A (SAA), and the soluble form of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1).
Results
- The results revealed that horses with IAD had significantly higher serum concentrations of SP-D, haptoglobin, and SAA compared to controls.
- Moreover, combined concentrations of SP-D and haptoglobin were effective in differentiating between the two groups. Using a cut-off of 7.70 (log value), these combined concentrations led to a 100% sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing IAD horses from controls.
Conclusion
- The serum concentrations of surfactant protein D and haptoglobin were identified as potential biomarkers for diagnosing IAD in horses.
- These findings require further studies and validation before they can be applied in everyday veterinary practice to ensure their specificity and utility in diagnosing IAD in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Bullone M, de Lagarde M, Vargas A, Lavoie JP.
(2015).
Serum Surfactant Protein D and Haptoglobin as Potential Biomarkers for Inflammatory Airway Disease in Horses.
J Vet Intern Med, 29(6), 1707-1711.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.13602 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomarkers
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / chemistry
- Case-Control Studies
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Haptoglobins / chemistry
- Haptoglobins / metabolism
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horses
- Inflammation / blood
- Inflammation / metabolism
- Inflammation / veterinary
- Male
- Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / blood
- Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / chemistry
- Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / metabolism
- Respiratory Tract Diseases / blood
- Respiratory Tract Diseases / metabolism
- Respiratory Tract Diseases / veterinary
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This article includes 10 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Janssen P, Tosi I, Hego A, Maréchal P, Marichal T, Radermecker C. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Are Found in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids of Horses With Severe Asthma and Correlate With Asthma Severity.. Front Immunol 2022;13:921077.
- Herteman N, Mosing M, Waldmann AD, Gerber V, Schoster A. Exercise-induced airflow changes in horses with asthma measured by electrical impedance tomography.. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Sep;35(5):2500-2510.
- Bocking T, Singh B. Light and electron-microscopic localization of CD9 and surfactant protein A and D in normal lungs of the horse.. Can J Vet Res 2021 Jul;85(3):170-176.
- Bocking T, Johnson L, Singh A, Desai A, Aulakh GK, Singh B. Research article expression of surfactant protein-A and D, and CD9 in lungs of 1 and 30 day old foals.. BMC Vet Res 2021 Jul 5;17(1):236.
- Couetil L, Cardwell JM, Leguillette R, Mazan M, Richard E, Bienzle D, Bullone M, Gerber V, Ivester K, Lavoie JP, Martin J, Moran G, Niedźwiedź A, Pusterla N, Swiderski C. Equine Asthma: Current Understanding and Future Directions.. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:450.
- Long A, Nolen-Walston R. Equine Inflammatory Markers in the Twenty-First Century: A Focus on Serum Amyloid A.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2020 Apr;36(1):147-160.
- Gy C, Leclere M, Vargas A, Grimes C, Lavoie JP. Investigation of blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of mild to moderate asthma in horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2019 Jul;33(4):1789-1795.
- Witkowska-Piłaszewicz OD, Żmigrodzka M, Winnicka A, Miśkiewicz A, Strzelec K, Cywińska A. Serum amyloid A in equine health and disease.. Equine Vet J 2019 May;51(3):293-298.
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