Site-specific proteoglycan characteristics of third carpal articular cartilage in exercised and nonexercised horses.
Abstract: The relevance of site and the influence of exercise on third carpal articular cartilage proteoglycan (PG) were assessed in 16 horses. Six horses were exercised (exercised group) for 30 minutes, 3 times/wk, for 6 weeks. The other 10 horses (nonexercised group) were housed in box stalls for the same 6-week period. At week 6, articular cartilage from the proximal surface of the right third carpal bone was harvested and cultured with radioactive sulfate to label newly synthesized PG. Endogenous PG was measured by use of a uronic acid assay. Newly synthesized and endogenous PG were characterized by use of Sepharose CL-2B chromatography, composite gel electrophoresis, and/or immunoblot analysis with monoclonal antibody 1C6 directed against the hyaluronic acid-binding region on PG. There was a significant (P = 0.0002) effect of exercise, but not site, on newly synthesized PG, which was increased in the exercised horses, compared with the nonexercised horses at the end of the 6-week study period. The increase in newly synthesized PG was not reflected in the existing cartilage matrix as there was no significant difference between groups in endogenous PG. However, there was a significant (P = 0.01) effect of site on endogenous PG, with the nest of sites located in the palmar aspect of the radial facet containing a greater concentration of endogenous PG than the nests of sites located on the dorsal aspect of the radial facet or all sites on the intermediate facet. Most newly synthesized PG in both groups consisted of hydrodynamically small PG monomers. However, there was a change in the profile of newly synthesized PG at some sites in the exercised horses to include an early elution peak on Sepharose CL-2B, which may contain aggregating PG. All sites in both groups contained a diverse population of endogenous large and small PG on toluidine blue-stained composite gels that reacted with monoclonal antibody 1C6, indicating the potential to bind to hyaluronic acid.
Publication Date: 1995-12-01 PubMed ID: 8599516
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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The article explores how site-specific proteoglycan characteristics of third carpal articular cartilage are influenced by exercise in horses. The research found that exercise, but not location, significantly impacts the new synthesis of proteoglycans, however, this increase wasn’t reflected in the existing cartilage matrix.
Background of the Study
- This research assessed the relevance of the site and the influence of exercise on the proteoglycan (PG) in the third carpal articular cartilage of horses.
- Proteoglycans are important compounds in the matrix of cartilage, contributing to its resistivity and ability to absorb shock.
Participants and Techniques
- In the study, 16 horses were used where six were exercised for 30 minutes, three times a week, for six weeks while the remaining ten were not exercised but kept in stalls for the same length of time.
- The researchers harvested and cultured cartilage from the proximal surface of the right third carpal bone from all the horses.
- This cultured cartilage was then treated with radioactive sulphate to observe newly synthesized proteoglycans.
- The researchers also measured endogenous proteoglycans (those already present in the cartilage) using a uronic acid assay and characterized these proteoglycans using different analytical techniques.
Findings
- There was a significant increase in the newly synthesized proteoglycan in cartilage from exercised horses compared to those from non-exercised horses. However, this increase wasn’t reflected in the existing cartilage matrix.
- Moreover, the position or ‘site’ on the cartilage didn’t significantly influence the newly synthesized proteoglycan but it did affect the endogenous proteoglycan. For instance, certain sites in the radial facet region contained a higher concentration of endogenous proteoglycan than others.
- Newly synthesized proteoglycan in both groups were primarily small proteoglycan monomers.
- There was, however, a noticeable change in the profile of newly synthesized proteoglycan in some sites of the exercised horses, indicating the potential presence of aggregating proteoglycan.
Implications
- These findings suggest that exercise can influence the synthesis of proteoglycans in the articular cartilage of horses, a process that could have implications for the health of the cartilage and the overall joint health.
- Understanding these site-specific proteoglycan characteristics could also aid in the development of treatments for joint diseases in horses.
- Additionally, the findings bring attention to the potential role of exercise in maintaining cartilage health, which may have broader implications beyond just horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Palmer JL, Bertone AL, Malemud CJ, Carter BG, Papay RS, Mansour J.
(1995).
Site-specific proteoglycan characteristics of third carpal articular cartilage in exercised and nonexercised horses.
Am J Vet Res, 56(12), 1570-1576.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology
- Carpal Bones
- Cartilage, Articular / chemistry
- Cartilage, Articular / metabolism
- Chromatography, Gel / methods
- Chromatography, Gel / veterinary
- Culture Techniques
- Electrophoresis / methods
- Electrophoresis / veterinary
- Horses / metabolism
- Immunoblotting / methods
- Immunoblotting / veterinary
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Proteoglycans / analysis
- Proteoglycans / immunology
- Proteoglycans / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Fernquest S, Palmer A, Pereira C, Arnold C, Hirons E, Broomfield J, Newman S, Glyn-Jones S. The Response of Hip Joint Cartilage to Exercise in Children: An MRI Study Using T2-Mapping.. Cartilage 2021 Dec;13(1_suppl):1761S-1771S.
- Tiderius CJ, Hawezi ZK, Olsson LE, Dahlberg LE. Pre-contrast T1 and cartilage thickness as confounding factors in dGEMRIC when evaluating human cartilage adaptation to physical activity.. BMC Med Imaging 2019 Dec 31;20(1):1.
- van Eekeren IC, Reilingh ML, van Dijk CN. Rehabilitation and return-to-sports activity after debridement and bone marrow stimulation of osteochondral talar defects.. Sports Med 2012 Oct 1;42(10):857-70.
- Lamprecht ED, Williams CA. Biomarkers of antioxidant status, inflammation, and cartilage metabolism are affected by acute intense exercise but not superoxide dismutase supplementation in horses.. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2012;2012:920932.
- Firth EC. The response of bone, articular cartilage and tendon to exercise in the horse.. J Anat 2006 Apr;208(4):513-26.
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