Analyze Diet
Veterinary dermatology2022; 34(3); 209-221; doi: 10.1111/vde.13086

Solar radiation leads to increased collagenase gene expression (MMP1) in HERDA (Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia) affected horses and may explain the typical dorsal distribution of their lesions.

Abstract: Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA) is a genetic disease that alters collagen biosynthesis. Affected horses exhibit fragile, hyperextensible skin, especially over the dorsal region. Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation seems to contribute to the regional distribution of lesions and worsening of clinical signs, the molecular mechanisms involved are largely unknown. Objective: To evaluate the effect of solar radiation on matrix metalloproteinase MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 gene expression in the dorsal and ventral skin of HERDA-affected and HERDA-unaffected horses [wild-type (WT) horses]. Methods: Six HERDA-affected and six unaffected Quarter horses (WT) were paired according to age, sex and coat colour. Methods: Horses were submitted to 30 day sunlight restriction, followed by 15 day sunlight exposure. Dorsal and ventral skin biopsies were obtained at six sampling times over 45 days. The expression of MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 genes was measured by quantitative PCR. Results: Although solar radiation modulated MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 expression, the effects were more pronounced on MMP1. Sun exposure for three days significantly upregulated MMP1 in the dorsal region when compared to the ventral skin in both unaffected and HERDA-affected horses. Conclusions: This study shows that solar irradiation leads to upregulation of skin collagenase genes particularly MMP1 in the dorsal, sun-exposed skin of horses. Furthermore, this was more marked in HERDA-affected horses. The increased activity of collagenases on the disorganised collagen present in HERDA affected horses would explain why UV radiation leads to deterioration of clinical signs in affected individuals. Background: L'asthénie cutanée régionale héréditaire équine (HERDA) est une maladie génétique qui altère la biosynthèse du collagène. Les chevaux atteints présentent une peau fragile et hyperextensible, en particulier sur la région dorsale. Bien que les rayonnements ultraviolets (UV) semblent contribuer à la distribution régionale des lésions et à l'aggravation des signes cliniques, les mécanismes moléculaires impliqués sont largement méconnus. Objective: Évaluer l'effet du rayonnement solaire sur l'expression des gènes de la métalloprotéinase matricielle MMP1, MMP8 et MMP13 dans la peau dorsale et ventrale des chevaux atteints d’HERDA et non atteints [chevaux de type sauvage (WT)]. Animaux : Six Quarter horses (WT) affectés par HERDA et six Quarter horses (WT) non affectés ont été appariés en fonction de l'âge, du sexe et de la couleur du pelage. Matériels et méthodes : Les chevaux ont été soumis à une restriction solaire de 30 jours, suivie d'une exposition solaire de 15 jours. Des biopsies cutanées dorsales et ventrales ont été obtenues à six moments sur 45 jours. L'expression des gènes MMP1, MMP8 et MMP13 a été mesurée par PCR quantitative. Résultats : Bien que le rayonnement solaire module l'expression de MMP1, MMP8 et MMP13, les effets étaient plus prononcés sur MMP1. L'exposition au soleil pendant trois jours a significativement augmenté la MMP1 dans la région dorsale par rapport à la peau ventrale à la fois chez les chevaux non affectés et affectés par HERDA. Conclusions et pertinence clinique : Cette étude montre que l'irradiation solaire conduit à une régulation positive des gènes de la collagénase cutanée, en particulier MMP1 dans la peau dorsale exposée au soleil des chevaux. De plus, cela était plus marqué chez les chevaux atteints de HERDA. L'activité accrue des collagénases sur le collagène désorganisé présent chez les chevaux atteints de HERDA expliquerait pourquoi le rayonnement UV entraîne une détérioration des signes cliniques chez les individus atteints. Introducción- La astenia dérmica regional hereditaria equina (HERDA) es una enfermedad genética que altera la biosíntesis del colágeno. Los caballos afectados exhiben una piel frágil e hiperextensible, especialmente en la región dorsal. Aunque la radiación ultravioleta (UV) parece contribuir a la distribución regional de las lesiones y al empeoramiento de los signos clínicos, se desconocen en gran medida los mecanismos moleculares implicados. Objetivos- Evaluar el efecto de la radiación solar sobre la expresión génica de las metaloproteinasas de matriz MMP1, MMP8 y MMP13 en la piel dorsal y ventral de caballos afectados y no afectados por HERDA [caballos de tipo sin mutación (Wild type)] Animales- Se emparejaron seis caballos Quarter (WT) con seis caballos afectados por HERDA por edad, sexo y color del pelaje. Materiales y métodos- los caballos se sometieron a una restricción de luz solar de 30 días, seguida de una exposición solar de 15 días. Se obtuvieron biopsias de piel dorsal y ventral en seis momentos de muestreo durante 45 días. La expresión de los genes MMP1, MMP8 y MMP13 se midió mediante PCR cuantitativa. Resultados- Aunque la radiación solar moduló la expresión de MMP1, MMP8 y MMP13, los efectos fueron más pronunciados en MMP1. La exposición al sol durante tres días aumentó significativamente la MMP1 en la región dorsal en comparación con la piel ventral tanto en los caballos no afectados como en los afectados por HERDA. Conclusiones y relevancia clínica- este estudio muestra que la radiación solar conduce a una regulación positiva de los genes de colagenasa de la piel, particularmente MMP1 en la piel dorsal expuesta al sol de los caballos. Además, esto fue más marcado en los caballos afectados por HERDA. El aumento de la actividad de las colagenasas en el colágeno desorganizado presente en los caballos afectados por HERDA explicaría por qué la radiación UV conduce al deterioro de los signos clínicos en los individuos afectados. Hintergrund - Die hereditäre equine regionale dermale Asthenie (HERDA) ist eine genetische Erkrankung, welche die Kollagenbiosynthese verändert. Betroffene Pferde zeigen eine fragile, hyperextensible Haut, vor allem über der dorsalen Region. Obwohl die Ultraviolettstrahlung zur regionalen Verteilung der Veränderungen und einer Verschlimmerung der klinischen Zeichen beitragen dürfte, sind die involvierten Molekularmechanismen weitgehend unbekannt. Ziele - Eine Evaluierung der Auswirkung von Sonnenstrahlung auf die Genexprimierung der Matrix Metalloproteinasen MMP1, MMP8 und MMP13 in der dorsalen und ventralen Haut der HERDA-erkrankten und HERDA-freien Pferde [Wildtyp (WT)] Pferde. Tiere - Sechs HERDA-erkrankte und sechs gesunde Quarter Horses (WT) wurden entsprechend ihrem Alter, dem Geschlecht und ihrer Fellfarbe gepaart. Materialien und Methoden - Die Pferde durften 30 Tage nicht ins Sonnenlicht, gefolgt von einer 15-tägigen Exposition im Sonnenlicht. Es wurden dorsale und ventrale Hautbiopsien zu sechs verschiedenen Probezeiten über einen Verlauf von 45 Tagen genommen. Die Exprimierung von MMP1, MMP8 und MMP13 Genen wurde mittels quantitativem PCR gemessen. Ergebnisse - Obwohl die Sonnenstrahlung die Exprimierung von MMP1, MMP8 und MMP13 modulierte, waren die Auswirkungen auf MMP1 besonders deutlich. Eine Sonnenexposition für drei Tage erhöhte MMP1 in der dorsalen Region signifikant im Vergleich zur ventralen Haut sowohl bei an HERDA-erkrankten wie auch bei gesunden Pferden. Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Relevanz: Diese Studie zeigt, dass die Sonnenstrahlung zu einer Upregulierung der Gene der Hautkollagenasen, vor allem MMP1 in der dorsalen, Sonnen-exponierten Haut von Pferden führt. Weiters war dies bei HERDA-erkrankten Pferden deutlicher. Die erhöhte Aktivität der Kollagenasen auf das unorganisierte Kollagen bei HERDA-erkrankten Pferden würde erklären, warum die UV Strahlung zu einer Verschlechterung der klinischen Zeichen von betroffenen Individuen führt. 背景: 遺伝性馬局所皮膚無力症(HERDA)は、コラーゲンの生合成を変化させる遺伝病である。患馬の皮膚は脆弱で、特に背側に過伸展を示す。紫外線は病変の局所的な分布と臨床症状の悪化に寄与していると考えられるが、その分子機構はほとんど分かっていない。 目的: 本研究の目的は、HERDA患馬とHERDA非患馬[野生型(WT)馬]の背側および腹側皮膚におけるマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼMMP1、MMP8およびMMP13遺伝子発現に対する太陽光線の影響を評価することであった。 供試動物: HERDAに罹患した馬6頭および非罹患クォーターホース(WT)6頭を、年齢、性別、毛色によってペアにした。 材料と方法:馬は30日間の日光制限を受け、その後15日間の日光照射を受けた。背側および腹側の皮膚生検は、45日間にわたり6回のサンプリングで行った。MMP1、MMP8およびMMP13遺伝子の発現を定量的PCRで測定した。 結果: 太陽光線はMMP1、MMP8、MMP13の発現を調節したが、その影響はMMP1に対してより顕著であった。3日間の日光照射は、非罹患馬とHERDA罹患馬の両方において、腹側皮膚と比較して背側領域でMMP1を有意に上昇させた。 結論と臨床的関連性: 本研究は、太陽照射が、馬の背側、太陽照射を受けた皮膚において、皮膚コラゲナーゼ遺伝子、特にMMP1のアップレギュレーションを引き起こすことを示す。さらに、このことはHERDAの罹患馬でより顕著であった。HERDA患馬に存在する無秩序なコラーゲンに対するコラゲナーゼ活性の増加は、紫外線照射が患馬の臨床症状の悪化につながる理由を説明するものである。. Introdução: A astenia dérmica regional hereditária equina (HERDA) é uma doença genética que altera a biossíntese de colágeno. Os cavalos afetados apresentam a pele frágil e hiperextensível, principalmente na região dorsal. Embora a radiação ultravioleta (UV) pareça contribuir para a distribuição regional das lesões e piora dos sinais clínicos, os mecanismos moleculares envolvidos são amplamente desconhecidos. Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito da radiação solar na expressão gênica das metaloproteinases da matriz MMP1, MMP8 e MMP13 na pele dorsal e ventral de indivíduos afetados por HERDA e não afetados por HERDA cavalos [cavalos do tipo selvagem (WT)]. Animais: Seis cavalos Quarto de Milha (WT) afetados por HERDA e seis não afetados foram pareados de acordo com idade, sexo e cor da pelagem. Materiais e métodos: Os equinos foram submetidos a 30 dias de restrição solar, seguidos de 15 dias de exposição solar. Biópsias de pele dorsal e ventral foram obtidas em seis tempos de amostragem durante 45 dias. A expressão dos genes MMP1, MMP8 e MMP13 foi medida por PCR quantitativa. Resultados: Embora a radiação solar tenha modulado a expressão de MMP1, MMP8 e MMP13, os efeitos foram mais pronunciados em MMP1. A exposição ao sol por três dias aumentou significativamente a MMP1 na região dorsal quando comparada à pele ventral em cavalos não afetados e afetados por HERDA. Conclusões e relevância clínica: Este estudo mostra que a radiação solar leva à regulação positiva dos genes da colagenase da pele, particularmente MMP1 na pele dorsal exposta ao sol de cavalos. Além disso, isso foi mais acentuado em cavalos afetados por HERDA. O aumento da atividade das colagenases sobre o colágeno desorganizado presente em cavalos afetados por HERDA explicaria porque a radiação UV leva à deterioração dos sinais clínicos nos indivíduos afetados.
Publication Date: 2022-06-06 PubMed ID: 35661451DOI: 10.1111/vde.13086Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the impact of solar radiation on the gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase in horses affected by a genetic disease known as Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA), which alters collagen biosynthesis. It concludes that UV radiation leads to increased expression of collagenase genes, particularly MMP1, in the skin of HERDA-affected horses, potentially causing attenutation of their skin conditions.

Objective of the research

  • The study aimed to understand the effect of solar radiation on the expression of specific genes such as MMP1, MMP8, and MMP13 in the dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) skin of both HERDA-affected horses and unaffected ones.

Methods of the research

  • A total of 12 Quarter horses, six of which are HERDA-affected and six unaffected, were used. They were paired based on similar age, sex, and coat color.
  • All the horses were subjected to 30 days of sunlight restriction, followed by 15 days of sunlight exposure.
  • Skin biopsies were taken from both the dorsal and ventral regions at six different sampling times over 45 days. The expression levels of the MMP1, MMP8, and MMP13 genes were measured using quantitative PCR.

Results of the research

  • While solar radiation was observed to regulate the expression of all three genes (MMP1, MMP8, and MMP13), the most significant effect was on MMP1.
  • Exposure to the sun for three days led to a significant increase in MMP1 expression in the dorsal skin compared to the ventral skin for both HERDA-affected and unaffected horses.

Conclusions of the research

  • The findings indicated that exposure to solar radiation increases the expression of skin collagenase genes, particularly MMP1, in horses. This increase was more pronounced in horses affected by HERDA.
  • The increased activity of collagenases on disorganized collagen found in HERDA affected horses explains why UV radiation causes a worsening of clinical signs in affected individuals.

Cite This Article

APA
da Cunha Neto CAV, Badial PR, de Oliveira-Filho JP, de Andrade DGA, Araujo JP, Borges AS. (2022). Solar radiation leads to increased collagenase gene expression (MMP1) in HERDA (Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia) affected horses and may explain the typical dorsal distribution of their lesions. Vet Dermatol, 34(3), 209-221. https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13086

Publication

ISSN: 1365-3164
NlmUniqueID: 9426187
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 34
Issue: 3
Pages: 209-221

Researcher Affiliations

da Cunha Neto, Campo Amor Vieira
  • São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Badial, Peres Ramos
  • Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
de Oliveira-Filho, José Paes
  • São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
de Andrade, Danilo Giorgi Abranches
  • São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Araujo, João Pessoa
  • São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Borges, Alexandre Secorun
  • São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses / genetics
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / genetics
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / genetics
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / genetics
  • Asthenia / genetics
  • Asthenia / pathology
  • Asthenia / veterinary
  • Collagenases / genetics
  • Gene Expression

References

This article includes 29 references
  1. White SD, Affolter VK, Bannasch DL. Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (“hyperelastosis cutis”) in 50 horses: clinical, histological, immunohistological and ultrastructural findings.. Vet Dermatol 2004; 15: 207-217.
  2. Tryon RC, White SD, Famula TR. Inheritance of hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia in Quarter Horses.. Am J Vet Res 2005; 66: 437-442.
  3. Tryon RC, White SD, Bannasch DL. Homozygosity mapping approach identifies a missense mutation in equine cyclophilin B (PPIB) associated with HERDA in the American Quarter Horse.. Genomics 2007; 90: 93-102.
  4. Koide T, Nagata K. Collagen biosynthesis.. Top Curr Chem 2005; 247: 85-114.
  5. Badial PR, Oliveira-Filho JP, Winand NJ. Allele frequency of hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia in American Quarter horses in Brazil determined by quantitative real-time PCR with high resolution melting analysis.. Vet J 2014; 199: 306-307.
  6. Ishikawa Y, Vranka JA, Boudko SP. Mutation in cyclophilin B that causes hyperelastosis cutis in American Quarter Horse does not affect peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase activity but shows altered cyclophilin B-protein interactions and affects collagen folding.. J Biol Chem 2012; 287: 22,253-22,265.
  7. Tryon RC, Penedo MCT, McCue ME. Evaluation of allele frequencies of inherited disease genes in subgroups of American Quarter Horses.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009; 234: 120-125.
  8. White SD, Bourdeau P. Prevalence of the mutation in cyclophilinB (PPIB), a causal candidate gene for HERDA, among Quarter Horses in France.. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22: 206-208.
  9. Borges AS, Conceição LG, Alves ALG. Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia in three related Quarter horses in Brazil.. Vet Dermatol 2005; 16: 125-130.
  10. Badial PR, Oliveira-Filho JP, Pantoja JCF. Dermatological and morphological findings in quarter horses with hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia.. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25: 547-554.
  11. Fisher GJ, Datta SC, Talwar HS. Molecular basis of sun-induced premature skin ageing and retinoid antagonism.. Nature 1996; 379: 335-339.
  12. Fisher GJ, Wang ZQ, Datta SC. Pathophysiology of premature skin ageing induced by ultraviolet light.. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1,419-1,428.
  13. Rashmir-Raven A, Lavagnino M, Sedlak A. Increased susceptibility of skin from HERDA (Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia)-affected horses to bacterial collagenase degradation: a potential contributing factor to the clinical signs of HERDA.. Vet Dermatol 2015; 26: 476-480.
  14. Rashmir-Raven A, Winand NJ, Read RW. Equine Hyperelastosis Cutis Update.. In: Proceedings of the 50th Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners. Denver, CO, USA: 2004; 1409.
  15. Grady JG, Elder SH, Ryan PL. Biomechanical and molecular characteristics of hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia in Quarter Horses.. Vet Dermatol 2009; 20: 591-599.
  16. Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT Method.. Methods 2001; 25: 402-408.
  17. Yuan JS, Reed A, Chen F. Statistical analysis of real-time PCR data.. BMC Bioinform 2006; 7: 85.
  18. Lahmann C, Young AR, Wittern K. Induction of mRNA for matrix metalloproteinase 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 in human skin in vivo by solar simulated radiation.. Photochem Photobiol 2001; 73: 657-663.
  19. Brennan M, Bhatti H, Nerusu KC. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 is the major collagenolytic enzyme responsible for collagen damage in UV-irradiated human skin.. Photochem Photobiol 2003; 78: 43-48.
  20. Vincenti MP, Brinckerhoff CE. Transcriptional regulation of collagenase (MMP-1, MMP-13) genes in arthritis: integration of complex signaling pathways for the recruitment of gene-specific transcription factors.. Arthritis Res 2002; 4: 157-164.
  21. Grandjean-Laquerriere A, Le Naour R, Ganglof SC. Differential regulation of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 in UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes via cyclic AMP/protein kinase A pathway.. Cytokine 2003; 23: 138-149.
  22. Kennedy M, Kim KH, Harten B. Ultraviolet irradiation induces the production of multiple cytokines by human corneal cells.. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997; 38: 2,483-2,491.
  23. Svobodova A, Walterova D, Vostalova J. Ultraviolet light induced alteration to the skin.. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2006; 150: 25-38.
  24. Fisher GJ, Choi HC, Bata-Csorgo Z. ultraviolet irradiation increases matrix metalloproteinase-8 protein in human skin in vivo.. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 117: 219-226.
  25. Tetlow LC, Adlam DJ, Woolley DE. Matrix metalloproteinase and proinflammatory cytokine production by chondrocytes of human osteoarthritic cartilage.. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 585-594.
  26. Kim HH, Lee MJ, Lee SR. Augmentation of UV-induced skin wrinkling by infrared irradiation in hairless mice.. Mech Ageing Dev 2005; 126: 1,170-1,177.
  27. Rashmir-Raven A. Heritable equine regional dermal asthenia.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2013; 29: 689-702.
  28. Shlopov BV, Lie WR, Mainardi CL. Osteoarthritic lesions: involvement of three different collagenases.. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40: 2,065-2,074.
  29. Bode W, Fernandez-Catalan C, Grams F. Insights into MMP-TIMP interactions.. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999; 878: 73-91.

Citations

This article has been cited 0 times.