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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(5); doi: 10.3390/ani11051388

Specific Seminal Plasma Fractions Are Responsible for the Modulation of Sperm-PMN Binding in the Donkey.

Abstract: While artificial insemination (AI) with frozen-thawed sperm results in low fertility rates in donkeys, the addition of seminal plasma, removed during cryopreservation, partially counteracts that reduction. Related to this, an apparent inflammatory reaction in jennies is induced following AI with frozen-thawed sperm, as a high amount of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are observed within the donkey uterus six hours after AI. While PMN appear to select the sperm that ultimately reach the oviduct, two mechanisms, phagocytosis and NETosis, have been purported to be involved in that clearance. Remarkably, sperm interacts with PMN, but the presence of seminal plasma reduces that binding. As seminal plasma is a complex fluid made up of different molecules, including proteins, this study aimed to evaluate how different seminal plasma fractions, separated by molecular weight (<3, 3-10, 10-30, 30-50, 50-100, and >100 kDa), affect sperm-PMN binding. Sperm motility, viability, and sperm-PMN binding were evaluated after 0 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 4 h of co-incubation at 38 °C. Two seminal plasma fractions, including 30-50 kDa or 50-100 kDa proteins, showed the highest sperm motility and viability. As viability of sperm not bound to PMN after 3 h of incubation was the highest in the presence of 30-50 and 50-100 kDa proteins, we suggest that both fractions are involved in the control of the jenny's post-breeding inflammatory response. In conclusion, this study has shown for the first time that specific fractions rather than the entire seminal plasma modulate sperm-PMN binding within the donkey uterus. As several proteins suggested to be involved in the control of post-AI endometritis have a molecular weight between 30 and 100 kDa, further studies aimed at determining the identity of these molecules and evaluating their potential effect in vivo are much warranted.
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Publication Date: 2021-05-13 PubMed ID: 34068214PubMed Central: PMC8153123DOI: 10.3390/ani11051388Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates how different protein fractions in donkey seminal fluid can affect the interaction between sperm and certain immune cells, potentially influencing fertility outcomes during the artificial insemination process.

Objective of the Study

  • The research aims to identify how different fractions, segregated by molecular weight, in donkey seminal plasma impact sperm-PMN (polymorphonuclear neutrophils) interaction. PMNs, immune cells prevalent in the uterus following insemination, are believed to play a role in selecting viable sperm.

Inflamatory Response in Artificial Insemination

  • Notably, artificial insemination (AI) with frozen-thawed sperm in donkeys tends to result in an inflammatory reaction that leads to a high content of PMNs in the uterus. This reaction significantly decreases fertility rates.
  • However, the presence of seminal plasma – a complex fluid containing various molecules removed during cryopreservation, reduces the interaction between sperm cells and PMNs, thereby improving fertility outcomes.

Impact of Seminal Plasma Fractions on Sperm-PMN interaction

  • The research specifically looks at how different fractions of seminal plasma, separated by their molecular weights (namely: 100 kDa), influence sperm-PMN binding.
  • To test this, sperm motility, viability, and sperm-PMN interaction were evaluated over a 4-hour period of co-incubation.
  • This study found that seminal plasma fractions including proteins of 30-50 kDa or 50-100 kDa had the highest sperm motility and viability. Furthermore, the highest viability of sperm that did not bind to PMN was observed in the presence of these two protein fractions after a 3-hour incubation.

Implied Implications and Future Studies

  • The results suggest that these specific fractions of seminal plasma are involved in controlling the post-AI inflammatory response in jennies (female donkeys).
  • This is the first research to show that specific fractions, rather than the whole seminal plasma, help regulate the sperm-PMN interaction within the donkey’s uterus.
  • As various proteins believed to control post-AI inflammation fall within the 30-100 kDa range, future studies should aim to identify these molecules and examine their potential impact in real-world scenarios.

Cite This Article

APA
Miró J, Catalán J, Marín H, Yánez-Ortiz I, Yeste M. (2021). Specific Seminal Plasma Fractions Are Responsible for the Modulation of Sperm-PMN Binding in the Donkey. Animals (Basel), 11(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051388

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 5

Researcher Affiliations

Miró, Jordi
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
Catalán, Jaime
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
  • Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
  • Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
Marín, Henar
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
Yánez-Ortiz, Iván
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
  • Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
  • Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
Yeste, Marc
  • Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
  • Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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