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Home / Equine Research Bank / Biochem J / Structural and functional characterization of elastases from...
The Biochemical journal1994; 300 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2); 401-406; doi: 10.1042/bj3000401

Structural and functional characterization of elastases from horse neutrophils.

Abstract: In order better to understand the pathophysiology of the equine form of emphysema, two elastinolytic enzymes from horse neutrophils, referred to as proteinases 2A and 2B, have been extensively characterized and compared with the human neutrophil proteinases, proteinase-3 and elastase. Specificity studies using both the oxidized insulin B-chain and synthetic peptides revealed that cleavage of peptide bonds with P1 alanine or valine residues was preferred. Further characterization of the two horse elastases by N-terminal sequence and reactive-site analyses indicated that proteinases 2A and 2B have considerable sequence similarity to each other, to proteinase-3 from human neutrophils (proteinase 2A), to human neutrophil elastase (proteinase 2B) and to a lesser extent to pig pancreatic elastase. Horse and human elastases differed somewhat in their interaction with some natural protein proteinase inhibitors. For example, in contrast with its action on human neutrophil elastase, aprotinin did not inhibit either of the horse proteinases. However, the Val15, alpha-aminobutyric acid-15 (Abu15), alpha-aminovaleric acid-15 (Nva15) and Ala15 reactive-site variants of aprotinin were good inhibitors of proteinase 2B (Ki 10(-7) M). In summary, despite these differences, the horse neutrophil elastases were found to resemble closely their human counterparts, thus implicating them in the pathological degradation of connective tissue in chronic lung diseases in the equine species.
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Publication Date: 1994-06-01 PubMed ID: 7516152PubMed Central: PMC1138176DOI: 10.1042/bj3000401Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on understanding the character and functions of two elastinolytic enzymes from horse neutrophils, proteinases 2A and 2B, in relation to horse emphysema. The scientists aim to compare these horse enzymes with human neutrophil proteinases for detailed characterization.

Methodology and Findings

  • The study draws comparisons between two proteinases, 2A and 2B, extracted from horse neutrophils and human neutrophil proteinases, proteinase-3 and elastase.
  • Researchers analyse the target enzymes’ specificity through synthetic peptides and oxidized insulin B-chain.
  • The study presents that the enzymes favor cleavage of peptide bonds with P1 alanine or valine residues.
  • Further examination of the two horse elastases was carried out by reactive-site analyses and N-terminal sequence, indicating that the proteinases 2A and 2B bear considerable sequence similarities to each other, human neutrophil proteinase-3 (proteinase 2A), human neutrophil elastase (proteinase 2B), and to a lesser degree, pig pancreatic elastase.

Interactions of Enzymes With Protein Inhibitors

  • The interactions of horse and human elastases with natural protein proteinase inhibitors were somewhat different.
  • The study found that unlike its effect on human neutrophil elastase, aprotinin did not inhibit either of the horse proteinases.
  • However, the reactive-site variants of aprotinin – Abu15, Val15, Nva15, and Ala15 – were discovered to be good inhibitors of proteinase 2B, albeit weak inhibitors of proteinase 2A.

Conclusion

  • The research concludes that despite certain dissimilarities, the horse neutrophil elastases closely resemble their human counterparts.
  • This similarity is crucial as it implicates the enzymes in the pathological degradation of connective tissue in chronic lung diseases – equine emphysema in this context. This finding helps further understand the pathophysiology of emphysema in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Dubin A, Potempa J, Travis J. (1994). Structural and functional characterization of elastases from horse neutrophils. Biochem J, 300 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2), 401-406. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3000401

Publication

The Biochemical journal
ISSN: 0264-6021
NlmUniqueID: 2984726R
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 300 ( Pt 2)
Issue: Pt 2
Pages: 401-406

Researcher Affiliations

Dubin, A
  • Department of Animal Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
Potempa, J
    Travis, J

      MeSH Terms

      • Amino Acid Sequence
      • Animals
      • Aprotinin / metabolism
      • Horses
      • Humans
      • Insulin / metabolism
      • Leukocyte Elastase
      • Molecular Sequence Data
      • Neutrophils / enzymology
      • Pancreatic Elastase / chemistry
      • Pancreatic Elastase / metabolism
      • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
      • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
      • Substrate Specificity

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 1 times.
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