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The Veterinary record1978; 103(2); 32-34; doi: 10.1136/vr.103.2.32

Studies on cross protection induced in calves by rotaviruses of calves, children and foals.

Abstract: Inoculation at birth with a live attenuated strain of a bovine rotavirus isolated in the USA (scourvax-reo) induced protection in five gnotobiotic calves seven to 21 days later against a UK isolate of pathogenic bovine rotavirus. However, no protection was induced in three calves challenged three to five days after vaccination. There was a close antigenic relationship demonstrated between the two bovine rotavirus isolates. In contrast only one of three gnotobiotic calves inoculated with foal rotavirus, and one of three with human rotavirus, were protected against bovine rotavirus challenge. Protection in these two calves correlated with high heterologous immunofluorescent antibody titre (320 or greater), although the neutralising antibody titres was less than 20.
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Publication Date: 1978-07-08 PubMed ID: 210557DOI: 10.1136/vr.103.2.32Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explores how immunity to rotavirus can develop in calves through exposure to weakened versions of the virus. The researchers find that early exposure can provide protection against certain strains of the virus, but this protective effect isn’t universal and may depend on the specific virus strain and timing of exposure.

Study Overview

  • The researchers investigated how introducing a live, weakened strain of bovine rotavirus (a virus that causes severe diarrhea in cattle) to new-born calves influenced their ability to resist a similar virus later in life.
  • They specifically studied a strain of the virus originally found in the United States (scourvax-reo) and its interaction with another strain isolated in the United Kingdom.
  • The research additionally examined whether exposure to strains of rotavirus found in horses (foals) and humans might offer any cross-protection for the calves.

Key Findings

  • Calves that were inoculated at birth with the US strain of the virus developed immunity to the UK strain of bovine rotavirus within seven to 21 days.
  • Calves exposed to the virus within three to five days of being born did not develop this protection, indicating the timing of the exposure is important.
  • The team also found a close antigenic relationship between the two bovine rotavirus strains, meaning they triggered a similar immune response.
  • However, only one out of three calves inoculated with foal rotavirus and one of three inoculated with human rotavirus developed immunity against the bovine rotavirus.
  • These calves had high heterologous immunofluorescent antibody titres, suggesting a strong immune response, even though their neutralising antibody titres was less than 20, which is considered a low level of neutralizing antibodies.

Implications

  • The results suggest that certain live attenuated strains of rotavirus can confer protection to calves against other strains when given at birth.
  • However, this protection may depend on the timing of the inoculation and the specific virus strains used.
  • The partial protection observed with human and foal rotaviruses suggests the possibility of cross-species immunity, but also highlights the complexity and variability of this immunity.
  • Understanding these interactions better might contribute to more effective vaccine development for bovine rotavirus, potentially reducing calf morbidity and mortality from this disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Woode GN, Bew ME, Dennis MJ. (1978). Studies on cross protection induced in calves by rotaviruses of calves, children and foals. Vet Rec, 103(2), 32-34. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.103.2.32

Publication

The Veterinary record
ISSN: 0042-4900
NlmUniqueID: 0031164
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 103
Issue: 2
Pages: 32-34

Researcher Affiliations

Woode, G N
    Bew, M E
      Dennis, M J

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Antibodies, Viral / analysis
        • Cattle / immunology
        • Cattle / microbiology
        • Cattle Diseases / prevention & control
        • Child
        • Cross Reactions
        • Germ-Free Life
        • Horses / microbiology
        • Humans
        • RNA Viruses / immunology
        • Rotavirus / immunology
        • Viral Vaccines
        • Virus Diseases / prevention & control
        • Virus Diseases / veterinary

        Citations

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