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The Journal of hygiene1983; 90(3); 385-395; doi: 10.1017/s0022172400029016

Studies with inactivated equine influenza vaccine. 2. Protection against experimental infection with influenza virus A/equine/Newmarket/79 (H3N8).

Abstract: Forty ponies immunized with inactivated virus vaccine containing A/equine/Miami/63 (H3N8) virus and six unvaccinated, seronegative ponies were experimentally challenged with a representative of recent equine H3N8 virus isolates, A/equine/Newmarket/79. All unvaccinated ponies became infected as judged by virus excretion, febrile responses and antibody responses, but only two of the vaccinated ponies were fully protected. Pre-challenge antibody levels to A/Newmarket/79 virus detected by single radial haemolysis (SRH) correlated well with the degree of clinical protection but the levels required for complete protection (SRH zones greater than 65 mm2) were high. The importance of these results in relation to conventional vaccination procedures against equine influenza is discussed.
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Publication Date: 1983-06-01 PubMed ID: 6306098PubMed Central: PMC2134271DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400029016Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study focused on examining the effectivity of an inactivated equine influenza vaccine in protecting against a later strain of the virus. Unvaccinated ponies got notably sick upon challenge with this later strain, whereas only a few vaccinated horses did, indicating a degree of protection from the vaccine.

Research Process

  • The scientists initially immunized forty ponies with an inactivated virus vaccine containing the A/equine/Miami/63 (H3N8) virus.
  • These ponies, along with six unvaccinated and seronegative ponies, were then intentionally exposed to a recent variant of the equine H3N8 virus, specifically the A/equine/Newmarket/79.

Results

  • All of the unvaccinated ponies exhibited signs of infection, such as virus excretion, fever response, and antibody responses.
  • Conversely, only two of the forty ponies that had been previously immunized became fully infected. This suggests that the virus vaccine developed from the Miami strain provided some degree of protection against this later Newmarket variant of the same virus.

Relationship Between Antibody Levels and Clinical Protection

  • The researchers then proceeded to measure the pre-challenge antibody levels towards the A/Newmarket/79 virus in the tested ponies using single radial haemolysis (SRH) – a method that measures the ability of serum to neutralize the virus.
  • They found a positive correlation between the SRH results and the degree of protection the ponies experienced from the virus. In other words, higher levels of these antibodies (represented by SRH values greater than 65 mm2) were linked with full protection against the virus.

Implications for Vaccination Procedures

  • The outcomes of this research bring in fresh perspectives concerning traditional vaccination routines against equine influenza, suggesting that continuously updating these vaccines to include more recent viral strains could enhance their effectiveness.
  • The correlation between high antibody levels and protection infers that vaccine formulations that can elicit strong immune responses could offer better protection against subsequent strains of the equine influenza virus.

Cite This Article

APA
Mumford J, Wood JM, Scott AM, Folkers C, Schild GC. (1983). Studies with inactivated equine influenza vaccine. 2. Protection against experimental infection with influenza virus A/equine/Newmarket/79 (H3N8). J Hyg (Lond), 90(3), 385-395. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400029016

Publication

The Journal of hygiene
ISSN: 0022-1724
NlmUniqueID: 0375374
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 90
Issue: 3
Pages: 385-395

Researcher Affiliations

Mumford, J
    Wood, J M
      Scott, A M
        Folkers, C
          Schild, G C

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Antibodies, Viral / analysis
            • Antibody Specificity
            • Cross Reactions
            • Hemolytic Plaque Technique
            • Horse Diseases / immunology
            • Horses / immunology
            • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype
            • Influenza A virus / immunology
            • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
            • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
            • Vaccination / veterinary
            • Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
            • Viral Vaccines / immunology

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