Substance P induces activation, adherence and migration of equine eosinophils.
Abstract: The tachykinin, substance P (SP), affects eosinophil function by direct and indirect mechanisms and has been shown to cause equine eosinophils to adhere to vascular endothelium and to release cytokines that increase cell adherence. The aim of this study was to determine whether SP could act directly on equine eosinophils in vitro. Eosinophil activation was also compared in cells from normal ponies and those with insect hypersensitivity as SP may be released in the skin of hypersensitive animals. SP caused equine eosinophils to adhere, migrate and produce superoxide, although high concentrations were required to produce these effects [10 +/- 2% adherence, 45 +/- 20 cells/0.3 mm2 and 48 +/- 7 nmol (of reduced cytochrome C)/106 cells, respectively, at 3 x 10-4 m]. That the 7-11, but not the 1-7, amino acid fragment of SP caused superoxide production, suggested the effects of SP were receptor mediated. Eosinophils from hypersensitive ponies produced more superoxide in response to SP, but not phorbol myristate acetate or histamine, over the concentration range tested when compared with cells from normal ponies. The data obtained in this study suggest that although SP can directly activate equine eosinophils, in view of the high concentrations required, such actions may be of less relevance physiologically than other SP-mediated effects.
Publication Date: 2003-04-02 PubMed ID: 12667183DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2885.2003.00453.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research article investigates the effects of a chemical called Substance P (SP) on horse cells called eosinophils, especially its influence on cell function related to adherence, activation, and migration. The study also compares these effects on healthy horses and those with insect hypersensitivity.
Objective and Method
- The primary intention of this study was to explore the direct impact of Substance P (SP) – a tachykinin, or a small protein-like molecule that can potentially alter cellular functions – on equine eosinophils in vitro. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that are crucial for the immune system’s response to allergies and infections.
- Researchers performed this study by observing eosinophil activation in cells from typically healthy ponies as well as ponies with an excessive immune response to insects, also known as insect hypersensitivity.
- The research endeavor aimed to understand if SP, which is potentially released in the skin of hypersensitive animals, induced different cellular behaviors in eosinophils of healthy and hypersensitive horses.
Findings
- The study uncovered that SP induced eosinophils in horses to adhere, migrate, and produce superoxide – a potentially damaging reactive oxygen species.
- However, the extent of these effects was significant only in high concentrations of SP, for example, 3 x 10-4 m SP resulted in around 10% adherence, 45 cells migrating per 0.3 mm2 and 48 nmol of superoxide production.
- The study also found that a specific portion (7-11, not 1-7 amino acid fragment) of SP led to superoxide production, suggesting that SP effects were mediated through a receptor pathway.
- Interesting results emerged when comparing eosinophils from hypersensitive and normal horses – cells from hypersensitive ponies produced more superoxide in response to SP, but not to other stimulants like phorbol myristate acetate or histamine.
Conclusion
- The findings further our understanding of how SP can directly activate equine eosinophils.
- Nonetheless, given the high concentrations required for notable effects, the authors suggest these direct actions may be less relevant physiologically than other effects mediated by SP.
Cite This Article
APA
Foster AP, Cunningham FM.
(2003).
Substance P induces activation, adherence and migration of equine eosinophils.
J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 26(2), 131-138.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2885.2003.00453.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cell Adhesion / drug effects
- Cell Adhesion / physiology
- Cell Movement / drug effects
- Cell Movement / physiology
- Eosinophils / drug effects
- Eosinophils / physiology
- Female
- Histamine / pharmacology
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horses / blood
- Horses / immunology
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate / immunology
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate / veterinary
- Male
- Substance P / administration & dosage
- Substance P / pharmacology
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / pharmacology
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Hanč P, Messou MA, Wang Y, von Andrian UH. Control of myeloid cell functions by nociceptors. Front Immunol 2023;14:1127571.
- Baroody FM, Detineo M, Naclerio RM. Unilateral nasal allergic reactions increase bilateral sinus eosinophil infiltration. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2013 Nov 1;115(9):1262-7.
- Mitschenko AV, Lwow AN, Kupfer J, Niemeier V, Gieler U. [Atopic dermatitis and stress? How do emotions come into skin?]. Hautarzt 2008 Apr;59(4):314-8.
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