Surveillance of the equine infectious anemia virus in Eastern and Central Saudi Arabia during 2014-2016.
Abstract: Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is one of the most important threats to the equine industry globally. This is due to the poor performance of the affected horses, which requires euthanization of the infected animals upon the infection confirmation. Infected animals remain carriers throughout their life. EIAV infection has been reported in many parts of the world, including North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. However, the EIAV status is never assessed in horses in the Gulf area, especially in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Objective: This study aimed to perform molecular and serological surveillance among some horse populations in Eastern and Central Saudi Arabia. Methods: Sera and whole blood were collected from 361 horses and 19 donkeys from the eastern and central regions of Saudi Arabia during January 2014-December 2016. Sera were tested by the commercial EIAV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Moreover, the collected blood samples were tested by the commercial real-time polymerase chain reaction kits. Results: Our serological surveillance revealed the absence of any antibodies against EIAV in the tested animals. Similar results were reported for the tested horses' plasma. This study confirms the absence of EIAV in horses and donkeys from Eastern and Central Saudi Arabia during the tenure of the current study. However, careful monitoring of the EIAV is highly recommended to avoid the emergence of such a virus in the horse population in Saudi Arabia. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first EIAV surveillance conducted not only in Saudi Arabia but also in the Gulf area. This study confirms the absence of EIAV in the tested equine population in the eastern and central regions of Saudi Arabia during 2014-2016.
Publication Date: 2019-05-29 PubMed ID: 31327910PubMed Central: PMC6584864DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.719-723Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research investigates the presence of Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) in horse populations within Eastern and Central Saudi Arabia between 2014 and 2016, revealing no evidence of the virus in the tested animals.
Objectives of the Research
- The primary objective of this study was to conduct molecular and serological surveillance among some horse populations in Eastern and Central Saudi Arabia.
- This research is aimed at determining the presence or absence of EIAV in horses in a region where the status of the virus has never been assessed.
Methods and Materials
- A total of 361 horses and 19 donkeys from the eastern and central regions of Saudi Arabia were sampled from January 2014 to December 2016.
- Blood and sera samples were collected and tested using commercial EIAV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
- Real-time polymerase chain reaction kits were also used to test the collected blood samples.
Findings of the Research
- The surveillance study revealed that there were no antibodies against EIAV in the animals that were tested.
- Similar results were reported for the plasma taken from the horses, failing to identify the presence of EIAV.
- From the study, researchers concluded that during the period of the study, there was an evident absence of the EIAV in horses and donkeys within Eastern and Central Saudi Arabia.
Conclusion and Recommendations
- This research is the first known surveillance of EIAV conducted in Saudi Arabia and, more broadly, in the Gulf area.
- Despite the absence of EIAV in the tested equine population in the eastern and central regions of Saudi Arabia during 2014-2016, researchers highly recommended careful monitoring of the EIAV virus to avoid its emergence within the horse population in Saudi Arabia in the future.
Cite This Article
APA
Alnaeem AA, Hemida MG.
(2019).
Surveillance of the equine infectious anemia virus in Eastern and Central Saudi Arabia during 2014-2016.
Vet World, 12(5), 719-723.
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.719-723 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.
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Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Romo-Sáenz CI, Tamez-Guerra P, Olivas-Holguin A, Ramos-Zayas Y, Obregón-Macías N, González-Ochoa G, Zavala-Díaz de la Serna FJ, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Tamez-Guerra R, Gomez-Flores R. Molecular detection of equine infectious anemia virus in clinically normal, seronegative horses in an endemic area of Mexico.. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021 Jul;33(4):758-761.
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