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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Surg / The clinical and histopathologic effects of potentiated chlo...
Veterinary surgery : VS2021; 50(6); 1209-1217; doi: 10.1111/vsu.13649

The clinical and histopathologic effects of potentiated chlorhexidine in the upper respiratory tract of horses.

Abstract: To describe the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of a 0.0005% chlorhexidine (CHD) solution potentiated with EDTA-Tris buffers (CHD-EDTA-Tris) and evaluate the safety of 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris in the upper respiratory tract (URT) of normal horses. Methods: Clinical, prospective study. Methods: Eight healthy, skeletally mature horses. Methods: In vitro-serial dilutions of CHD-EDTA-Tris and EDTA-Tris alone were evaluated for bactericidal and fungicidal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus equi subspecies ssp. equi, Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In vivo-eight healthy horses were topically treated twice with 30 ml of 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris. Mucosal samples from each location were evaluated for the presence of inflammation or pathologic lesions. Results: Solutions containing CHD were superior in fungal and bacterial killing to those without. In vitro-a 0.005% CHD-EDTA-Tris was 100% effective against all bacterial and fungal species evaluated, while a 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris was less efficacious against A. fumigatus and S. equi ssp. equi. In vivo-a 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris did not cause any clinical, gross, or histologic abnormalities when topically applied to the equine URT. Conclusions: A 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris was highly effective for killing of common bacterial and fungal isolates in the equine upper respiratory tract. Short-term topical treatment of the equine URT with dilute CHD did not cause gross or histological inflammation in the tissue. Conclusions: A 0.0005% CHD solution with EDTA-Tris should be considered for treatment of clinically relevant inflammatory or infectious conditions or in the URT of the horse.
© 2021 American College of Veterinary Surgeons.
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Publication Date: 2021-05-11 PubMed ID: 33974283DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13649Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Clinical Trial
  • Veterinary
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the effectiveness and safety of a potentiated chlorhexidine solution in treating bacterial and fungal infections in the upper respiratory tract of horses.

Methods and Participants

  • The study was conducted as a clinical, prospective study involving eight healthy, mature horses.
  • The in-vitro part of the study involved testing serial dilutions of a solution containing chlorhexidine (CHD) and EDTA-Tris for its bactericidal and fungicidal activity against a range of bacteria and fungi, including Aspergillus fumigatus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus equi subspecies spp., Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • The in-vivo portion of the study involved topical administration of a 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris solution to the upper respiratory tract (URT) of the horses, followed by evaluation of mucosal samples taken from each horse for presence of inflammation or pathological lesions.

Results

  • The study found that solutions which contained CHD were more effective in killing both bacteria and fungi compared to ones without CHD. A 0.005% CHD-EDTA-Tris solution was 100% effective against all bacterial and fungal species evaluated.
  • However, a 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris solution was found to be less effective against A. fumigatus and S. equi spp. equi.
  • The application of a 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris solution topically to the equine upper respiratory tract did not cause any observable clinical, gross, or histological abnormalities, indicating that it was safe to use.

Conclusions

  • It was concluded that a 0.0005% CHD-EDTA-Tris solution is highly effective for treatment of common bacterial and fungal infections located in the equine upper respiratory tract. The solution did not cause any inflammation in the treated tissue.
  • Therefore, a 0.0005% CHD solution potentiated with EDTA-Tris is recommended for use in treating clinically relevant inflammatory or infectious conditions in the upper respiratory tract of horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Stewart HL, Engiles JB, Richardson DW, Levine DG. (2021). The clinical and histopathologic effects of potentiated chlorhexidine in the upper respiratory tract of horses. Vet Surg, 50(6), 1209-1217. https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13649

Publication

Veterinary surgery : VS
ISSN: 1532-950X
NlmUniqueID: 8113214
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 50
Issue: 6
Pages: 1209-1217

Researcher Affiliations

Stewart, Holly L
  • Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Engiles, Julie B
  • Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
Richardson, Dean W
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
Levine, David G

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Chlorhexidine / pharmacology
    • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
    • Horses
    • Nose
    • Prospective Studies
    • Streptococcal Infections / veterinary
    • Streptococcus equi

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    Citations

    This article has been cited 1 times.
    1. Ahmed S, Shahnawaz K, Mandal TK, Ghafir M, Gummaluri SS, Vishal G. Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Herbal Formulations of Septilin and Triphala with Conventional 2% Chlorhexidine on Root Canal and Oral Commensal Bacteria using Kirby Bauer Method: An in-vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2022 Oct-Dec;13(4):383-388.
      doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_423_21pubmed: 36686996google scholar: lookup
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