FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / The effect of a gelatin β-tricalcium phosphate sponge loade...
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2013; 54(6); 573-580;

The effect of a gelatin β-tricalcium phosphate sponge loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), bone morphogenic protein-2, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on equine articular cartilage defect.

Abstract: We evaluated the curative efficacy of a gelatin β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) sponge loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) by insertion into an experimentally induced osteochondral defect. A hole of 10 mm diameter and depth was drilled in the bilateral medial femoral condyles of 7 thoroughbred horses, and into each either a loaded sponge (treatment) or a saline-infused β-TCP sponge (control) was inserted. After 16 weeks, defects were examined by computed tomography, macroscopic analyses, and histological analyses. The median subchondral bone density and macroscopic subscores for joint healing were significantly higher in the treatment legs (P < 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in total histological scores between groups, hyaline cartilaginous tissue was observed across a wider area in the treatment group. Equine joint healing can be enhanced by inserting a BMP-2-, MSC-, and PRP-impregnated β-TCP sponge at the lesion site. L’effet d’une éponge de phosphate β-tricalcique de gélatine imbibée de cellules souches mésenchymateuses (CSM), d’une protéine-2 morphogénétique osseuse et d’un plasma riche en plaquettes (PRP) sur un défaut de cartilage articulaire équin. Nous avons évalué l’efficacité curative d’une éponge de phosphate β-tricalcique de gélatine (β-TCP) imbibée de cellules souches mésenchymateuses (CSM), d’une protéine-2 morphogénétique osseuse (P2MO) et d’un plasma riche en plaquettes (PRP) en l’insérant dans un défaut ostéo-cartilagineux induit par expérimentation. Un trou de 10 mm de diamètre et de profondeur a été percé dans les condyles fémoraux médiaux bilatéraux de 7 pur-sang et, chez chaque cheval, une éponge imbibée (traitement) ou une éponge β-TCP infusée d’une solution saline (témoin) a été insérée. Après 16 semaines, les défauts ont été examinés par tomographie par ordinateur, analyses macroscopiques et analyses histologiques. La densité osseuse sous-chondrale et les sous-notes médianes de la guérison des articulations étaient significativement supérieures dans les jambes traitées (P < 0,05). Même s’il n’y avait pas de différences significatives au niveau des notes histologiques totales entre les groupes, le tissu cartilagineux hyalin a été observé sur une région plus vaste dans le groupe de traitement. La guérison des articulations équines peut être améliorée en insérant une éponge β-TCP imbibée de P2MO, de CSM et de PRP sur le site de la lésion.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2013-10-25 PubMed ID: 24155448PubMed Central: PMC3659453
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Controlled Clinical Trial
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research explores the effectiveness of using a particular biomedical sponge combined with mesenchymal stem cells, proteins, and platelet-rich plasma on healing cartilage defects in horses.

Methodology

  • The experiment involved creating an osteochondral (relating to bone and cartilage) defect in seven thoroughbred horses. These were experimentally induced and consisted of a hole with a diameter and depth of 10mm in the medial femoral condyles of the animals.
  • The researchers then used a gelatin β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) sponge in two different ways. For the treatment group, the sponge was loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), important for making and repairing skeletal tissues, bone morphogenic protein-2 (a protein signals cells to form bone and cartilage), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP-a concentration of blood cells that aids healing). The control group instead received a β-TCP sponge soaked in saline.
  • After 16 weeks, the defects were then assessed using computed tomography (a type of imaging), macroscopic analysis (the visual examination), and histological analysis (study of the microscopic structure of tissues).

Results

  • The research revealed that the treatment using the sponge loaded with MSC, BMP-2, and PRP resulted in a higher median density of the subchondral bone, which is the layer of bone just beneath the cartilage, compared to the control group.
  • The findings indicated more successful joint healing in the treatment legs than those of the control.
  • Additionally, the researchers did not find a significant difference in the total histological scores between the two groups. However, they did observe a wider area of hyaline cartilaginous tissue, a type of cartilage found on joint surfaces, in the treatment group than the control.

Conclusion

  • Therefore, the research suggests that equine joint healing can be promoted by inserting a sponge loaded with bone proteins, mesenchymal stem cells, and platelet-rich plasma at the lesion site.
  • This finding may be of clinical significance in the field of equine medicine and surgery, potentially offering a new approach to the treatment of joint injuries in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Tsuzuki N, Seo JP, Yamada K, Haneda S, Furuoka H, Tabata Y, Sasaki N. (2013). The effect of a gelatin β-tricalcium phosphate sponge loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), bone morphogenic protein-2, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on equine articular cartilage defect. Can Vet J, 54(6), 573-580.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 54
Issue: 6
Pages: 573-580

Researcher Affiliations

Tsuzuki, Nao
  • Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro-city, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan (Tsuzuki, Seo, Yamada, Haneda, Sasaki); Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro-city, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan (Furuoka); and Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan (Tabata).
Seo, Jong-pil
    Yamada, Kazutaka
      Haneda, Shingo
        Furuoka, Hidefumi
          Tabata, Yasuhiko
            Sasaki, Naoki

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • Biomechanical Phenomena
              • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / pharmacology
              • Calcium Phosphates / chemistry
              • Cartilage Diseases / therapy
              • Cartilage Diseases / veterinary
              • Cartilage, Articular / injuries
              • Cartilage, Articular / pathology
              • Female
              • Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable / chemistry
              • Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable / therapeutic use
              • Horse Diseases / therapy
              • Horses
              • Male
              • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / methods
              • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / veterinary
              • Platelet-Rich Plasma
              • Tissue Engineering
              • Weight-Bearing

              References

              This article includes 44 references
              1. Holland TA, Bodde EW, Baggett LS, Tabata Y, Mikos AG, Jansen JA. Osteochondral repair in the rabbit model utilizing bilayered, degradable oligo [poly (ethylene glycol) fumarate] hydrogel scaffolds.. J Biomed Mater Res A 2005;75:156–167.
                pubmed: 16052490
              2. Kuroda R, Ishida K, Matsumoto T. Treatment of a full-thickness articular cartilage defect in the femoral condyle of an athlete with autologous bone-marrow stromal cells.. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2007;15:226–231.
                pubmed: 17002893
              3. Wilke MM, Nydam DV, Nixon AJ. Enhanced early chondrogenesis in articular defects following arthroscopic mesenchymal stem cell implantation in an equine model.. J Orthop Res 2007;25:913–925.
                pubmed: 17405160
              4. Kock L, van Donkelaar CC, Ito K. Tissue engineering of functional articular cartilage: The current status.. Cell Tissue Res 2012;347:613–627.
                pmc: PMC3306561pubmed: 22030892
              5. Park H, Temenoff JS, Holland TA, Tabata Y, Mikos AG. Delivery of TGF-beta1 and chondrocytes via injectable, biodegradable hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering applications.. Biomaterials 2005;26:7095–7103.
                pubmed: 16023196
              6. Fortier LA, Potter HG, Rickey EJ. Concentrated bone marrow aspirate improves full-thickness cartilage repair compared with micro-fracture in the equine model.. Bone Joint Surg Am 2010;92:1927–1937.
                pubmed: 20720135
              7. Swieszkowski W, Tuan BH, Kurzydlowski KJ, Hutmacher DW. Repair and regeneration of osteochondral defects in the articular joints.. Biomol Eng 2007;24:489–495.
                pubmed: 17931965
              8. Tabata Y. Biomaterial technology for tissue engineering applications.. J R Soc Interface 2009;6:311–324.
                pmc: PMC2690092pubmed: 19324684
              9. Koch GT, Berg CL, Betts HD. Current and future regenerative medicine — Principles, concepts, and therapeutic use of stem cell therapy and tissue engineering in equine medicine.. Can Vet J 2009;50:155–165.
                pmc: PMC2629419pubmed: 19412395
              10. Kisiday JD, Kopesky PW, Evans CH, Grodzinsky AJ, McIlwraith CW, Frisbie DD. Evaluation of adult equine bone marrow- and adipose-derived progenitor cell chondrogenesis in hydrogel cultures.. J Orthop Res 2008;26:322–331.
                pubmed: 17960654
              11. Lieberman JR, Daluiski A, Einhorn TA. The role of growth factors in the repair of bone. Biology and clinical applications.. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002;84:1032–1044.
                pubmed: 12063342
              12. Fortier LA, Barker JU, Strauss EJ, McCarrel TM, Cole BJ. The role of growth factors in cartilage repair.. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2011;469:2706–2715.
                pmc: PMC3171543pubmed: 21403984
              13. Milano G, Sanna Passino E, Deriu L. The effect of platelet rich plasma combined with microfractures on the treatment of chondral defects: an experimental study in a sheep model.. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010;18:971–980.
                pubmed: 20433936
              14. Kon E, Buda R, Filardo G. Platelet-rich plasma: Intra-articular knee injections produced favorable results on degenerative cartilage lesions.. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2010;18:472–479.
                pubmed: 19838676
              15. Gigante A, Calcagno S, Cecconi S, Ramazzotti D, Manzotti S, Enea D. Use of collagen scaffold and autologous bone marrow concentrate as a one-step cartilage repair in the knee: Histological results of second-look biopsies at 1 year follow-up.. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2011;24:69–72.
                pubmed: 21669141
              16. Young S, Wong M, Tabata Y, Mikos AG. Gelatin as a delivery vehicle for the controlled release of bioactive molecules.. J Control Release 2005;109:256–274.
                pubmed: 16266768
              17. Takahashi Y, Yamamoto M, Tabata Y. Enhanced osteoinduction by controlled release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 from biodegradable sponge composed of gelatin and beta-tricalcium phosphate.. Biomaterials 2005;26:4856–4865.
                pubmed: 15763265
              18. Tadokoro M, Matsushima A, Kotobuki N. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 in biodegradable gelatin and β-tricalcium phosphate sponges enhances the in vivo bone-forming capability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012;6:253–260.
                pubmed: 21548136
              19. Kon E, Delcogliano M, Filardo G. Orderly osteochondral regeneration in a sheep model using a novel nano-composite multilayered biomaterial.. J Orthop Res 2010;28:116–124.
                pubmed: 19623663
              20. Sasaki N, Minami T, Yamada K. In vivo effects of intra-articular injection of gelatin hydrogen microspheres containing basic fibroblast growth factor on experimentally induced defects in third meracarpal bones of horses.. Am J Vet Res 2008;69:1555–1559.
                pubmed: 19046000
              21. Smith RK, Korda M, Blunn GW, Goodship AE. Isolation and implantation of autologous equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow into the superficial digital flexor tendon as a potential novel treatment.. Equine Vet J 2003;35:99–102.
                pubmed: 12553472
              22. Seo JP, Tsuzuki N, Haneda S. Proliferation of equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in gelatin/β-tricalcium phosphate sponges.. Res Vet Sci 2012;93:1481–1486.
                pubmed: 22424884
              23. Lettry V, Hosoya K, Takagi S, Okumura M. Coculture of equine mesenchymal stem cells and mature equine articular chondrocytes results in improved chondrogenic differentiation of the stem cells.. Jpn J Vet Res 2010;58:5–15.
                pubmed: 20645581
              24. Bian L, Zhai DY, Mauck RL, Burdick JA. Coculture of human mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes reduces hypertrophy and enhances functional properties of engineered cartilage.. Tissue Eng Part A 2011;17:1137–1145.
                pmc: PMC3063700pubmed: 21142648
              25. Nagae M, Ikeda T, Mikami Y. Intervertebral disc regeneration using platelet-rich plasma and biodegradable gelatin hydrogel microspheres.. Tissue Eng 2007;13:147–158.
                pubmed: 17518588
              26. Tsuzuki N, Otsuka K, Seo J. In vivo osteoinductivity of gelatin β-tri calcium phosphate sponge and bone morphogenetic protein-2 on an equine third metacarpal bone defect.. Res Vet Sci 2012;93:1021–1025.
                pubmed: 22280550
              27. Auer JA, Stick JA. Equine Surgery.. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Saunders; 2005. pp. 1319–1320.
              28. Arpornmaeklong P, Kochel M, Depprich R, Kübler NR, Würzler KK. Influence of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells. An in vitro study.. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004;33:60–70.
                pubmed: 14690661
              29. Roldán JC, Jepsen S, Miller J. Bone formation in the presence of platelet-rich plasma vs. bone morphogenetic protein-7.. Bone 2004;34:80–90.
                pubmed: 14751565
              30. Plachokova AS, van den Dolder J, Stoelinga PJ, Jansen JA. Early effect of platelet-rich plasma on bone healing in combination with an osteoconductive material in the rat cranial defects.. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008;18:244–251.
                pubmed: 17348890
              31. Kazakos K, Lyras DN, Thomaidis V. Application of PRP gel alone or in combination with guided bone regeneration does not enhance bone healing process: An experimental study in rabbits.. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011;39:49–53.
                pubmed: 20456969
              32. Yamamoto M, Ikada Y, Tabata Y. Controlled release of growth factors based on biodegradation of gelatin hydrogel.. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2001;12:77–88.
                pubmed: 11334191
              33. Hokugo A, Sawada Y, Hokugo R. Controlled release of platelet growth factors enhances regeneration at rabbit calvaria.. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007;104:44–48.
                pubmed: 17376715
              34. Ishihara A, Shields KM, Litsky AS. Osteogenic gene regulation and relative acceleration of healing by adenoviral-mediated transfer of human BMP-2 or -6 in equine osteotomy and ostectomy models.. J Orthop Res 2008;26:764–771.
                pubmed: 18241059
              35. Perrier M, Lu Y, Nemke B, Kobayashi H, Peterson A, Markel M. Acceleration of second and fourth metatarsal fracture healing with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/calcium phosphate cement in horses.. Vet Surg 2008;37:648–655.
                pubmed: 19134087
              36. Takahashi Y, Yamamoto M, Tabata Y. Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in biodegradable sponges composed of gelatin and beta-tricalcium phosphate.. Biomaterials 2005;26:3587–3596.
                pubmed: 15621249
              37. E LL, Xu LL, Wu X. The interactions between rat-adipose-derived stromal cells, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2, and beta-tricalcium phosphate play an important role in bone tissue engineering.. Tissue Eng Part A 2010;16:2927–2940.
                pubmed: 20486786
              38. Nguyen QT, Wong BL, Chun J, Yoon YC, Talke FE, Sah RL. Macroscopic assessment of cartilage shear: Effects of counter-surface roughness, synovial fluid lubricant, and compression offset.. J Biomech 2010;43:1787–1793.
                pmc: PMC2882508pubmed: 20189572
              39. Neu CP, Reddi AH, Komvopoulos K, Schmid TM, Di Cesare PE. Increased friction coefficient and superficial zone protein expression in patients with advanced osteoartiritis.. Arthritis Rheum 2010;62:2680–2687.
                pmc: PMC2946421pubmed: 20499384
              40. Ebihara G, Sato M, Yamato M. Cartilage repair in transplanted scaffold-free chondrocyte sheets using a minipig model.. Biomaterials 2012;33:3846–3851.
                pubmed: 22369960
              41. Muehleman C, Li J, Abe Y. Effect of risedronate in a minipig cartilage defect model with allograft.. J Orthop Res 2009;27:360–365.
                pmc: PMC2941977pubmed: 18925648
              42. Kawcak CE, McIlwraith CW, Norrdin RW, Park RD, James SP. The role of subchondral bone in joint disease: A review.. Equine Vet J 2001;33:120–126.
                pubmed: 11266060
              43. Smith MA, Walmsley JP, Phillips TJ. Effect of age at presentation on outcome following arthroscopic debridement of subchondral cystic lesions of the medial femoral condyle: 85 horses (1993–2003). Equine Vet J 2005;37:175–180.
                pubmed: 15779633
              44. Wallis TW, Goodrich LR, McIlwraith CW. Arthroscopic injection of corticosteroids into the fibrous tissue of subchondral cystic lesions of the medial femoral condyle in horses: A retrospective study of 52 cases (2001–2006). Equine Vet J 2008;40:461–467.
                pubmed: 18089474

              Citations

              This article has been cited 4 times.
              1. Kováč J, Priščáková P, Gbelcová H, Heydari A, Žiaran S. Bioadhesive and Injectable Hydrogels and Their Correlation with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation for Cartilage Repair: A Mini-Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023 Oct 26;15(21).
                doi: 10.3390/polym15214228pubmed: 37959908google scholar: lookup
              2. Huang Z, Wang W, Wang Q, Hojnacki T, Wang Y, Fu Y, Wang W. Coaxial nanofiber scaffold with super-active platelet lysate to accelerate the repair of bone defects. RSC Adv 2020 Sep 28;10(59):35776-35786.
                doi: 10.1039/d0ra06305cpubmed: 35517109google scholar: lookup
              3. Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang N, Li T, Zhou X, Jia J, Liang Y, Sun X, Chen H. The Effects of Platelet-Rich and Platelet-Poor Plasma on Biological Characteristics of BM-MSCs In Vitro. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020;2020:8546231.
                doi: 10.1155/2020/8546231pubmed: 32908815google scholar: lookup
              4. Wang X, Li Y, Han R, He C, Wang G, Wang J, Zheng J, Pei M, Wei L. Demineralized bone matrix combined bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor-β3 gene promoted pig cartilage defect repair. PLoS One 2014;9(12):e116061.
                doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116061pubmed: 25545777google scholar: lookup
              Subscribe to our newsletter
              Join 99,359 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.