The effect of intralesional injection of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow supernatant on collagen fibril size in a surgical model of equine superficial digital flexor tendonitis.
Abstract: Collagen fibril size is decreased in repair tissue following tendon injury compared to normal tendon matrix in horses. Mesenchymal stem cells have been suggested to promote regeneration of tendon matrix rather than fibrotic repair following injury, although this concept remains unproven. Objective: To explore the hypothesis that implantation of autologous mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow into a surgically created central core defect in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) of horses would induce the formation of a matrix with greater ultrastructural similarities to tendon matrix than the fibrotic scar tissue formed in control defects. Methods: Tissue was collected 16 weeks after induction of injury and 12 weeks after treatment from normal and injured regions of control and treated limbs of 6 horses and examined using transmission electron microscopy. Collagen fibril diameters were measured manually with image analysis software and surface areas calculated. Three parameters assessed for normal and injured tissue were mass average diameter (MAD), collagen fibril index (CFI) and the area dependent diameter (ADD). Results: Normal regions from both treated and control limbs displayed higher MAD and CFI values, as well as a characteristic bimodal distribution in fibril size. Injured regions from both treated and control limbs displayed significantly lower MAD and CFI values, as well as a unimodal distribution in fibril size. There were no significant differences between treated and control limbs for any of the parameters assessed. Conclusions: Intralesional injection of autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells had no measurable effect on the fibril diameter of collagen in healing tissue in the SDFT of this experimental model 16 weeks after injury. Conclusions: Favouring matrix regeneration over fibrotic repair may not be the mechanism by which autologous mesenchymal stem cells assist healing of tendon injury.
© 2011 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2011-12-11 PubMed ID: 22150794DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00514.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research aims to investigate if injecting stem cells derived from bone marrow into equine tendon injuries can lead to better healing by replicating the structural properties of a healthy tendon. However, the study found there was no significant change in the collagen fibril size in the injured area, suggesting that stem cells may not promote this kind of healing in tendon injuries.
Research Overview
- Healing tendon injuries in horses is often associated with the formation of fibrotic scar tissue, which has less structural integrity compared to normal tendon tissue. Researchers have been considering the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), specifically those derived from the bone marrow, as an approach to resolve this issue.
- The objective of this study was to investigate if such stem cells could stimulate a better form of healing in equine tendon injuries. The ‘better healing’ is defined as the creation of a matrix that more closely resembles that of a normal tendon rather than the fibrotic scarring observed in conventional healing.
Methodology
- A surgical injury was created in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) of horses, followed by treatment using MSCs derived from bone marrow.
- Sixteen weeks after the injury and twelve weeks after the treatment, tissue samples were collected from both normal and injured regions of the horses.
- Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the collagen fibril diameter within these tissue samples.
- Parameters including mass average diameter (MAD), collagen fibril index (CFI), and the area-dependent diameter (ADD) were assessed.
Results
- The study found that while normal regions showed higher MAD and CFI (indicating larger collagen fibrils), the injured regions showed significantly smaller values, suggesting the formation of scar tissue.
- This result was uniform between both the treated (received stem cell injections) and control (no treatment) groups, indicating no significant effect of the stem cell treatment on collagen fibril size.
Conclusions
- The study concludes that injecting autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into equine tendon injuries does not promote the formation of larger collagen fibrils, which would more closely resemble a healthy tendon matrix.
- Instead, it could hint that the stem cells might operate through an alternative healing mechanism while aiding in tendon injuries, if at all.
Cite This Article
APA
Caniglia CJ, Schramme MC, Smith RK.
(2011).
The effect of intralesional injection of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow supernatant on collagen fibril size in a surgical model of equine superficial digital flexor tendonitis.
Equine Vet J, 44(5), 587-593.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00514.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Cells / physiology
- Collagen / chemistry
- Collagen / metabolism
- Forelimb
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / veterinary
- Tendon Injuries / therapy
- Tendon Injuries / veterinary
- Wound Healing
Citations
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