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Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho2016; 88(4); 669-677; doi: 10.1111/asj.12671

The effect of relaxing massage on heart rate and heart rate variability in purebred Arabian racehorses.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of relaxing massage on the heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in young racehorses during their first racing season. In the study, 72 Purebred Arabian racehorses were included. The study was implemented during the full race season. The horses from control and experimental groups were included in regular race training 6 days a week. The horses from the experimental group were additionally subject to the relaxing massage 3 days a week during the whole study. HR and HRV were assumed as indicators of the emotional state of the horses. The measurements were taken six times, every 4-5 weeks. The HRV parameters were measured at rest, during grooming and saddling the horse and during warm-up walking under a rider. The changes of the parameters throughout the season suggest that the relaxing massage may be effectively used to make the racehorses more relaxed and calm. Moreover, the horses from the experimental group had better race performance records.
Publication Date: 2016-09-04 PubMed ID: 27594340DOI: 10.1111/asj.12671Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The research article investigates the effect of relaxation massages on the heart rate and heart rate variability in Arabian racehorses, and suggests that massages may help the horses to be more relaxed and have improved racing performance.

Study Design

  • The study included 72 Purebred Arabian racehorses which were analyzed during an entire racing season. The horses were divided into control and experimental groups.
  • Both groups underwent regular racing training six days a week. The horses in the experimental group were also given a relaxing massage three days a week for the entirety of the study.
  • The research was conducted to evaluate the heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) of the horses as these are considered indicators of a horse’s emotional state.
  • Measurements were recorded six times throughout the season, approximately every 4-5 weeks.
  • HR and HRV were measured during various activities such as when the horse was at rest, during grooming and saddling, and during warm-up walking under a rider.

Key Findings

  • The researchers found that the heart rate and heart rate variability changed in the horses over the course of the racing season, suggesting that relaxing massages may help to calm the horses and make them more relaxed.
  • In addition, the study results indicated that horses in the experimental group, those who received regular massages, had improved race performance records when compared to the control group.
  • Therefore, the study suggests that relaxing massage could be an effective strategy for improving the emotional state and performance of racehorses.

Implications and Conclusions

  • These findings could be significant for the racing industry, indicating that racehorse training programs could be enhanced by incorporating regular relaxing massages for the horses. This could lead to improved race performance and may also contribute to the well-being of the horses.
  • As this natural method helps in making the horse more relaxed and calm, it can be an alternative to the use of drugs or other artificial means to control the temperament of the horse.
  • The research provides initial insight into the possible impact of massages on racehorses, but future research with larger samples and over longer periods of times could help validate and expand upon these findings.

Cite This Article

APA
Kowalik S, Janczarek I, Kędzierski W, Stachurska A, Wilk I. (2016). The effect of relaxing massage on heart rate and heart rate variability in purebred Arabian racehorses. Anim Sci J, 88(4), 669-677. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12671

Publication

ISSN: 1740-0929
NlmUniqueID: 100956805
Country: Australia
Language: English
Volume: 88
Issue: 4
Pages: 669-677

Researcher Affiliations

Kowalik, Sylwester
  • Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Janczarek, Iwona
  • Department of Horse Breeding and Use, Faculty of Animal Biology and Breeding, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Kędzierski, Witold
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Stachurska, Anna
  • Department of Horse Breeding and Use, Faculty of Animal Biology and Breeding, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Wilk, Izabela
  • Department of Horse Breeding and Use, Faculty of Animal Biology and Breeding, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Competitive Behavior
  • Emotions
  • Heart Rate
  • Horses / physiology
  • Horses / psychology
  • Massage / veterinary
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
  • Running
  • Sports

Citations

This article has been cited 9 times.
  1. Bergh A, Asplund K, Lund I, Boström A, Hyytiäinen H. A Systematic Review of Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine in Sport and Companion Animals: Soft Tissue Mobilization.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Jun 2;12(11).
    doi: 10.3390/ani12111440pubmed: 35681903google scholar: lookup
  2. Stachurska A, Wiśniewska A, Kędzierski W, Różańska-Boczula M, Janczarek I. Behavioural and Physiological Changes in a Herd of Arabian Mares after the Separation of Individuals Differently Ranked within the Dominance Hierarchy.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Sep 14;11(9).
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  3. Physick-Sheard P, Avison A, Sears W. Factors Associated with Mortality in Ontario Standardbred Racing: 2003-2015.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Apr 5;11(4).
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  4. Janczarek I, Stachurska A, Wilk I, Wiśniewska A, Różańska-Boczula M, Kaczmarek B, Łuszczyński J, Kędzierski W. Horse Preferences for Insolation, Shade or Mist Curtain in the Paddock under Heat Conditions: Cardiac and Behavioural Response Analysis.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Mar 25;11(4).
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  5. Lange A, Bauer L, Futschik A, Waiblinger S, Lürzel S. Talking to Cows: Reactions to Different Auditory Stimuli During Gentle Human-Animal Interactions.. Front Psychol 2020;11:579346.
    doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.579346pubmed: 33178082google scholar: lookup
  6. Janczarek I, Stachurska A, Kędzierski W, Wiśniewska A, Ryżak M, Kozioł A. The intensity of physiological and behavioral responses of horses to predator vocalizations.. BMC Vet Res 2020 Nov 10;16(1):431.
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  7. Csoltova E, Mehinagic E. Where Do We Stand in the Domestic Dog ( Canis familiaris ) Positive-Emotion Assessment: A State-of-the-Art Review and Future Directions.. Front Psychol 2020;11:2131.
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  8. Meier M, Unternaehrer E, Dimitroff SJ, Benz ABE, Bentele UU, Schorpp SM, Wenzel M, Pruessner JC. Standardized massage interventions as protocols for the induction of psychophysiological relaxation in the laboratory: a block randomized, controlled trial.. Sci Rep 2020 Sep 8;10(1):14774.
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  9. de Bruijn CM, Houterman W, Ploeg M, Ducro B, Boshuizen B, Goethals K, Verdegaal EL, Delesalle C. Monitoring training response in young Friesian dressage horses using two different standardised exercise tests (SETs).. BMC Vet Res 2017 Feb 14;13(1):49.
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