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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2023; 13(22); doi: 10.3390/ani13223573

The Effects of Antimicrobial Protocols and Other Perioperative Factors on Postoperative Complications in Horses Undergoing Celiotomy: A Retrospective Analysis, 2008-2021.

Abstract: Recognition of antimicrobial resistance in equine practice has increased over the past decade. The objective of this study was to provide an updated retrospective review of antimicrobial regimens in one tertiary referral hospital and to evaluate the association with postoperative complications. A secondary objective was to evaluate other perioperative factors including surgical procedure, anesthetic and recovery parameters, and the effect of perioperative medications on complications and outcomes. A computerized search of medical records was performed to identify horses undergoing exploratory celiotomy from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2021. A total of 742 celiotomies were performed (608 completed, 134 terminated intraoperatively). Factors recorded were evaluated using logistic regression for the presence of either incisional infection, postoperative ileus, or other complications postoperatively. Antimicrobial type or timing (pre-, intra-, or postoperative) were not associated with decreased risk of incisional infection or postoperative ileus; however, the duration of NSAID use was positively associated with incisional infection (OR 1.14 per day). Lidocaine and alpha-2-agonist administration postoperatively were also associated with increased incidence of postoperative ileus (OR 21.5 and 1.56, respectively). Poor recovery quality (OR 4.69), the addition of other antimicrobials besides penicillin/gentamicin postoperatively (OR 3.63), and an increased number of different NSAID classes used (OR 1.46 per additional) were associated with other complications. Implementation of enterotomy was associated with decreased risk of other complications (OR 0.64). These findings provide an updated summary of factors associated with postoperative complications in horses undergoing celiotomy.
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Publication Date: 2023-11-19 PubMed ID: 38003189PubMed Central: PMC10668654DOI: 10.3390/ani13223573Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research studies the impact of various protocols, including the use of antimicrobial drugs, on horses undergoing a surgical procedure called a celiotomy from 2008 to 2021. It finds that factors like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and certain perioperative medications affect postoperative complications, including incisional infection and postoperative ileus.

About the Research

  • The study is a retrospective analysis, meaning it uses existing data and studies them after the fact.
  • The data came from one tertiary referral hospital and accounts for horses which underwent exploratory celiotomy procedures between 2008 and 2021.
  • The main objective was to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial use on postoperative complications. It also investigates other perioperative factors such as surgical procedures, anesthetic, and recovery parameters.

Key Findings

  • A total of 742 celiotomies took place, of which 608 were finished and 134 were stopped during surgery.
  • The data did not indicate that the type or timing of antimicrobial use was associated with a reduced risk of incisional infection or postoperative ileus. These are common complications after a celiotomy procedure, involving infection of the surgical wound and slowing or stopping of movement in the intestines respectively.
  • However, it was found that the duration of NSAID use was connected with an increased risk of incisional infection. The longer NSAIDs were used, the higher the risk of infection.
  • Additionally, the postoperative administration of certain medications such as lidocaine and alpha-2-agonists was associated with an increased instance of postoperative ileus.
  • Poor recovery quality, the use of additional antimicrobials other than penicillin/gentamicin postoperatively, and the increasing use of different classes of NSAIDs were found to be connected with a higher risk of other postoperative complications.
  • On the other hand, the implementation of a specific surgical procedure called enterotomy was found to decrease the risk of other postoperative complications.

Significance of the Study

  • This study provides an updated review of the factors influencing postoperative complications in horses undergoing a celiotomy.
  • The findings offer insights that could guide veterinarians in managing perioperative factors to minimize postoperative complications.

Cite This Article

APA
Rockow M, Griffenhagen G, Landolt G, Hendrickson D, Pezzanite L. (2023). The Effects of Antimicrobial Protocols and Other Perioperative Factors on Postoperative Complications in Horses Undergoing Celiotomy: A Retrospective Analysis, 2008-2021. Animals (Basel), 13(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13223573

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 22

Researcher Affiliations

Rockow, Meagan
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Griffenhagen, Gregg
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Landolt, Gabriele
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Hendrickson, Dean
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Pezzanite, Lynn
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.

Grant Funding

  • N/A / Colorado State University Young Investigator Grant in Companion Animal Studies

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Crabtree NE, Capper AM, McKinnon LH, Epstein KL. Perioperative factors and outcomes associated with antimicrobial therapy duration in horses undergoing exploratory celiotomy. Can Vet J 2025 Jun;66(6):653-662.
    pubmed: 40510283
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