The Genetic Basis of Obesity and Related Metabolic Diseases in Humans and Companion Animals.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Review
Summary
This research article explores the genetic basis of obesity and related metabolic diseases in humans and companion animals like dogs, cats and horses. It shows the similar genetic factors contributing to obesity across species and emphasizes the importance of cross-species studies for understanding obesity biology and improving health outcomes.
Understanding Obesity: The Role of Genes
The authors explain that obesity, a complex health condition prevalent among humans and various animals, is determined by a mix of genetic and environmental factors. They underscore the heritability of obesity in humans, laboratory animals, as well as companion animals:
- Obesity is regulated through a homeostatic process, which is susceptible to disruptions from a host of factors.
- Several genes are involved in the development of obesity, further complicating the study and treatment of this condition.
- Research with laboratory animal models has been instrumental in identifying genes associated with obesity.
Similarities in Obesity across Species
The article sheds light on shared features of obesity in humans and animals particularly in dogs, cats, and horses.
- The underlying mechanisms of obesity appear to be similar across species, with genetic factors playing a significant role.
- The authors review previous genetic studies on these animals to draw connections to human obesity.
Implications for Human and Veterinary Medicine
In this review, it’s emphasized that research insights from different species can offer mutual benefits to human and veterinary medicine.
- Large-scale human studies and niche investigations on severely affected patients help refine our understanding of obesity biology and can guide interpretations of animal studies for obesity.
- Veterinary genetics can also learn from human studies in terms of studying precise, complex phenotypes and implementing extensive research.
- Conversely, veterinary studies have the potential to extend beyond clinical findings to examine mechanisms, potentially bringing translational benefits to human research.
This multi-disciplinary approach underscores the complexity of obesity and the need for a diverse range of studies to tackle the challenges posed by this global health condition.
Cite This Article
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Anatomy Building, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK.
- Anatomy Building, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cat Diseases / genetics
- Cats
- Comorbidity
- Dog Diseases / genetics
- Dogs
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Horse Diseases / genetics
- Horses
- Humans
- Leptin / genetics
- Leptin / metabolism
- Melanocortins / genetics
- Melanocortins / metabolism
- Metabolic Diseases / genetics
- Metabolic Diseases / veterinary
- Obesity / epidemiology
- Obesity / genetics
- Obesity / metabolism
- Obesity / veterinary
- Pets
Grant Funding
- 205187/Z/16/Z / Wellcome Trust
- BB/M011194/1 / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Conflict of Interest Statement
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