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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Sci / The Genomic Characterization of Equid Alphaherpesviruses: St...
Veterinary sciences2025; 12(3); 228; doi: 10.3390/vetsci12030228

The Genomic Characterization of Equid Alphaherpesviruses: Structure, Function, and Genetic Similarity.

Abstract: Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1), EHV-4, EHV-8, and EHV-9, are classified within the subfamily and are recognized as causative agents of respiratory, urogenital, and neurological disorders in horses. These viruses, collectively referred to as αEHVs, exhibits both unique and shared characteristics in terms of host interaction, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and immune evasion, which arise from both the identities and discrepancies among respective genomic homologs. The genomic architecture of αEHVs is similar to other members of the same subfamily, such as well-known HSV-1, VZV, and PRV. However, research on the molecular mechanisms underlying αEHV infection and immune response remains significantly less advanced compared to studies on human, porcine, and bovine herpesviruses. This paper systematically describes the genomic structure, function, and genetic similarities of αEHVs and conducts a comparative analysis of selected αEHVs through pairwise sequence alignments of nucleotides and amino acids. This review offers an extensive synthesis of the current understanding related to the study of αEHVs, highlighting the challenges and potential solutions for future research endeavors.
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Publication Date: 2025-03-03 PubMed ID: 40266963PubMed Central: PMC11945689DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12030228Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper provides a systematic analysis of equine herpesviruses (EHVs)—causative agents of respiratory, urogenital, and neurological disorders in horses—studying their genomic structure, function and genetic similarities, in order to provide a better understanding of these viruses and guide future research.

Overview of Equine Herpesviruses

  • The paper studies four types of equine herpesviruses (EHV-1, EHV-4, EHV-8, and EHV-9), known as αEHVs, as they cause health problems for horses including respiratory, urogenital, and neurological disorders.
  • These αEHVs share characteristics in terms of how they interact with hosts, how they cause diseases, their epidemiology, and their evasion of the immune system. These features arise from both their similarities and differences at the genomic level.
  • The study notes that the genomic structure of these αEHVs resembles that of the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and the pseudorabies virus (PRV), all of which belong to the same subfamily of viruses.

Comparative Analysis of αEHVs

  • The study applies a comparative analysis method to these selected αEHVs, aligning their nucleotide sequences and amino acid sequences pariwise.
  • Such an analysis can reveal more about the genomics of these viruses: their structure, function, and genetic similarities.

Current Understanding and Future Research

  • Compared to research on human, pig, and cow herpesviruses, the molecular mechanisms underlying equine herpesvirus infection and the ensuing immune response are less well-understood.
  • This review paper synthesizes currently available knowledge about αEHVs with the aim of guiding and prompting more research into these viruses and their impact on horse health.
  • By painting a detailed picture of where the research community stands in understanding these viruses, the paper highlights both challenges in studying αEHVs and potential solutions for future research efforts.

Cite This Article

APA
Liu D, Zhao X, Wang X. (2025). The Genomic Characterization of Equid Alphaherpesviruses: Structure, Function, and Genetic Similarity. Vet Sci, 12(3), 228. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12030228

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
PII: 228

Researcher Affiliations

Liu, Diqiu
  • State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China.
Zhao, Xiaoyang
  • State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China.
Wang, Xiaojun
  • State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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